Dermatology Flashcards
immunocompromised patient with fever and rapidly developing rash of painless red macules that develop into pustules and then punched out gangrenous ulcers
Ecthyma gangrenosum
- gram negative bacteremia with pseudomonas
Patient with swelling of the face, lips and hands after stressful event and dental procedure
Hereditary angioedema
- deficiency of C1 inhibitor –> inc bradykinin
- swelling w/out urticaria
- colicky abdominal pain
- laryngeal edema
- Low C4 and C1 inhibitor
- Tx: C1 inhibitor concentrate
intensely pruritic erythematous papules, vesicles, and bullae that occur symmetrically grouped in clusters on extensor surfaces, back, and buttock
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Tx: dapsone and gluten free diet
hypersensitivity reactions
type 1 (immediate): IgE mediated (anaphylaxis, urticaria, eczema) type 2 (cytotoxic): IgG & IgM mediated (AI hemolytic anemia, goodpasture) type 3 (immune complex): Ab-Ag complex (serum sickness, post-strep glom, lupus nephritis) type 4 (delayed): T-cell mediated (contact derm, PPD)
42 year old with fever, sore throat, malaise, headache, LAD, rash that began on his trunk now spreading to the whole body, several gray mucosal patches in the mouth.
Syphilis
Erythema multiforme is associated with
HSV and mycoplasma infections
Patient with well demarcated, raised rash on the face that came on rapidly with a fever of 102.6
Erysipelas - caused by strep pyogenes
Infections after burns
- immediately after: gram + (staph)
- 5+ days after: gram - (pseudomonas), fungi (candida)
Hep C is associated with which skin condition
Porphyria cutanea tarda
- fragile, photosensitive skin that develops vesicles amd bullae with trauma or sun exposure
- tx: phlebotomy or hydroxycholorquine
impetigo tx
limited skin involvement: topical abx (muporpcin)
ectensive skin involvement: oral abx (cephalexin, dicloxacillin, clindamycin)
Pt presents with fever, severe pain and crepitus over the lower abdomen, perineum, and scrotum with crepitus. Leukocytosis is also present
Fournier gangrene
- needs early surgical exploration and debridement
Drugs associated with photosensitivity
Abx: tetracyclines
Antipsychotics: chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine
Diuretics: furosemide, HCTZ
Others: amiodarone, promethazine, piroxicam
Pt has blisters, bullae, and scarring on the dorsum of her hands. She has been diagnosed with hepatitis C but has not been treated. Her only medication is an OCP.
Porphyria cutanea tarda
- elevated plasma and urine porphyrin levels
- disorder of heme synthesis
- deficiency of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
Severe burn with chronic scarring and non-healing wound develops a draining nodule
squamous cell carcinoma
Cyst with a central punctum (small, dilated pore-like opening)
epidermal inclusion cyst
hot tub folliculitis tx
caused by pseudomonas
- oral fluoroquinolone
- topical gentamicin
Drugs most commonly associated with SJS
allopurinol, NSAIDs, antibiotics, anticonvulsants
infant TBSA
18% head
9% each arm
14% each leg
36% trunk
adult TBSA
9% head
9% each arm
18% each leg
36% trunk (18% for anterior trunk and 18% for posterior trunk)
parkland burn formula
% BSA (body surface area affected) x weight (kg) x 4 (mL/kg)
1/2 administered in first 8 hours
1/2 administered in next 16 hours
beefy red rash in skin folds of diaper
candidiasis dermatitis
Pt with hx of Chrons has rapidly expanding ulcer on her leg. Ulcer has a purulent base with irregular, violaceous border
Pyoderma gangrenosum
- associated with IBD, inflammatory arthritis, malignancy
- starts as a pustule, papule or nodule
- tx with glucocorticoids
Nail finding with psoriasis
Oncholysis - seperation of nail from nail bed
Necrotizing fasciitis
Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Clostridium perfringens
- Abx: vanc, penicillin, clindamycin
warfarin induced skin necrosis
rapid decline in protein c
- in pts w/ underlying hereditary protein c deficiency
18 month old with numerous, painful clear vesicles over erythematous skin on both cheeks as well as a few scattered lesions with overlying dark-red crusting. Patient has a hx of atopic dermatitis
eczema herpeticum (HSV 1)
Dermatitis and diarrhea in a Northern African immigrant who is vegetarian
Pellagra (niacin deficiency)
- dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia
what diseases are associated with psoriasis
HIV and strep pharyngitis
how to prevent warfarin induced skin necrosis
proper bridging
child with widespread fluid-filled blisters (hands, feet, buttocks), positive nikolsky’s sign, no mucosal involvement, conjunctivitis
SSSS
