Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of cell present in the epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes
Langerhans Cells
Melanocytes
Merkel Cells

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2
Q

What are the functions of skin?

A
Sensation
Temperature regulation
Vitamin D synthesis
Immunosurveillence
Protective barrier 
Fluid/electrolyte balance (sweating)
Structural (body shape)
Waterproofing
UV barrier
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3
Q

Name three inflammatory conditions of the skin?

A

Eczema, Acne, Psoriasis

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4
Q

Name three cancers of the skin?

A

Squamous cell Carcinoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Malignant Melanoma

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5
Q

How does eczema present?

A

Papules and Vesicles on an erythematous base - itchy and reacts to stimuli

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6
Q

What history would support atopic eczema?

A
Skin crease involvement
History of asthma or hay fever (atopic Triangle)
Dry Skin
onset in childhood
Family History
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7
Q

What is Filaggrin?

A

A Skin barrier protein which, if damaged increases the risk of eczema - genetic predisposition if faulty gene

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8
Q

How is eczema treated?

A

Keep nails short in children
Avoid Triggers
Topical Therapies such as emollients or steroids for flare ups
Oral Therapies - antihistamines, flucloxacillin, oral steroids if severe)

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9
Q

What becomes inflammed in acne vulgaris?

A

Pilosebaceous Follicles

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10
Q

What is the pathophysiology of acne vulgaris?

A

Increased sebum production (hormonal in adolescents)
abnormal Follicular Keratinization
Pilosebaceous duct obstruction
Bacterial Colonisation with Proprionibacterium acne
Inflammation

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11
Q

How is acne managed?

A

Mild - topical therapies such as benzylperoxide and topical antibiotics and retinoids
Moderate - oral therapies such as COCP or cypoproterone acetate
Severe - Oral Retinoids

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