Dermatology Flashcards
Potencies of Topical Steriods
Weak (x1 relative strength)
Hydrocortisone 1% - intertrigionous areas, children, face, thin skin
Moderate (x3)
hydrocortisone 2% - arm, legs, trunk
Potent (x6)
Bethametasone 0.1% (Betonovate) - body
Very potent (x9)
bethamethasone (Diprosone) - palms and soles
Extremely potent (x12)
clobetasol propionate (Dermovate) - palms and soles
Difference between ointment, cream, lotion, gel
Ointment = water in oil - hydrate
Cream = oil in water
Lotion - powder in water, drying
Gel = solution that melts on contact with skin, drying
Prognostic indicators of melanoma
Prognostic indicators of melanoma
- Increasing age of patient
- Male patients
- Melanomas on trunk (especially back), scalp, hands, feet
- Ulceration of tumour
- Depigmentation and amelanotic melanomas
- Aneuploidy and high mitotic index
Causes of skin bullae
congenital: epidermolysis bullosa
autoimmune: bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus
insect bite
trauma/friction
drugs: barbiturates, furosemide
Complications of psoriasis
Complications
psoriatic arthropathy (around 10%)
increased incidence of metabolic syndrome
increased incidence of cardiovascular disease
psychological distress
Types of eczema
5 main types:
1) Atopic (20% of population)
- Associated with asthma/hay fever
2) Seborrhoeic eczema
- Involves scalp, eyelids, nose and lips
- Associated with presence of pityrosporum yeasts and especially common wiyh patients with AIDS
3) Discoid (nummular) eczema
a. Coin shaped lesions and occurs only in adults
4) Gravitational (stasis) eczema
a. Poor venous circulation and incorrectly known as varicose eczema
Treatment of impetigo
Limited, localised disease
topical fusidic acid is first-line
topical retapamulin is used second-line if fusidic acid has been ineffective or is not tolerated
MRSA is not susceptible to either fusidic acid or retapamulin. Topical mupirocin (Bactroban) should therefore be used in this situation
Extensive disease
oral flucloxacillin
oral erythromycin if penicillin allergic
