Dermatology

Question 1

what is the difference between the presentation of acne and rosacea?

Answer 1

no comodones in rosacea - black/whiteheads

Question 2

what is the management of rosacea?

Answer 2

avoid triggers -> spicy food, alcohol, stress, temperature change, sunlight

Question 3

what is the presentation of peri oral dermatitis?

Answer 3

Itchy red papules around the eyes, mouth and nose

Question 4

how is peri oral dermatitis treated?

Answer 4

oral antibiotics

Question 5

what makes oral dermatitis worse?

Answer 5

steroids

Question 6

how do bacterial skin infections tend to present?

Answer 6

pussy, oozy crusty

Question 7

what is imphetigo caused by 2

Answer 7

streptococci and staphylococci and is contagious

Question 8

how is impetigo treated?

Answer 8

antibiotics - topical if localised and systemically well

Question 9

what is a furunculosis/boil caused by

Answer 9

Pustular infection (S.aureus) of the hair follicle

Question 10

what is a furunculosis/boil associated with?

Answer 10

diabetes

Question 11

what should u check for if a pt has a furunculosis/boil

Answer 11

nasal streptococcal carrier - if so then nasal antibiotics

Question 12

what is erysipelas?

Answer 12

Superficial form of cellulitis usually on one side of the body

Question 13

what is erysipelas caused by?

Answer 13

Group A beta haemolytic streptococcus

Question 14

what is the presentation of erysipelas?

Answer 14

Spreading red edge -> sharp line of demarcation

systemic symptoms

Question 15

how is erysipelas treated?

Answer 15

systemic antibiotics

Question 16

what is the general presentation of fungal infections

Answer 16

Red, dry and scaly

Question 17

name two fungal skin infections

Answer 17

dermatophyte - tinea

candida

Question 18

what is the presentation of candida?

Answer 18

white colour

Question 19

what pt are at increased susceptibility of candida?

Answer 19

diabetics - likes sugar

Question 20

what is the general presentation of viral skin infections?

Answer 20

tiny blisters

Question 21

what is the cause of viral warts?

Answer 21

HPV

Question 22

how are viral warts treated?

Answer 22

May resolve spontaneously or require cryotherapy

Question 23

what is the cause of Molluscum contagiosum

Answer 23

DNA pox virus

Question 24

how are Molluscum contagiosum treated?

Answer 24

will resolve on their own but take a while

Question 25

herpes simplex can be triggered by what?

Answer 25

UV light

Question 26

what is shingles caused by?

Answer 26

reactivation of chicken pox

Question 27

how is shingles treated?

Answer 27

oral antivirals

Question 28

is hand foot and mouth disease caused by bacteria, fungus or virus?

Answer 28

hand foot and mouth disease

Question 29

what is eczema caused by?

Answer 29

genetics

Question 30

name 3 types of eczema

Answer 30

atopic contact dermatitis seborrhoeic

Question 31

what is contact dermatitis?

Answer 31

Inflammation of the skin caused by contact with something in the environment

Question 32

who can get irritant contact dermatitis?

Answer 32

We can all get e.g. washing hands 100 times

Question 33

how is allergic contact dermatitis investigated?

Answer 33

patch testing

Question 34

name a dentally relevant example of allergic contact dermatitis?

Answer 34

Lichenoid reaction - allergy to metal filling

Question 35

what causes Seborrhoeic?

Answer 35

yeast overgrowth

Question 36

what areas of the skin are affected by seborrhoeic?

Answer 36

Affects areas of the skin with lots of oil glands

Question 37

how is eczema treated?

Answer 37

avoid irritants, moisturisers, steroids, UVL, immunosuppressives

Question 38

compare the presentation of psoriasis to eczema

Answer 38

More flaky than eczema and has a clear outline

Question 39

compare psoriasis to fungal infections

Answer 39

- Bilateral where as fungal infections are unilateral

Question 40

lichen Planus appearance in the mouth

Answer 40

White lacy appearance in the mouth

Question 41

what is pemphigus vulgaris?

Answer 41

Immune system attacks connections that hold skin together in the epidermis

Question 42

how is pemphigus vulgars treated?

Answer 42

immunosuppression

Question 43

how does erythema multiforme present?

Answer 43

Target lesion - bullseye pattern rings

Question 44

what is the presentation of orofacial granulomatosis?

Answer 44

Soft tissues in the mouth, lips and face to swell

Question 45

what is the presentation of peutz jegher syndrome

Answer 45

Polyps in the GI tract and dark spots on the skin

Question 46

risk factors for skin cancer 6

Answer 46

Excessive sun exposure and sunbed use Multiple sunburns Skin type Immunosuppression Personal and family history Number of moles

Question 47

basal cell carcinoma (cancer) is usually due to?

Answer 47

sun exposure

Question 48

do basal cell carcinoma metastasise?

Answer 48

no

Question 49

what is the difference between basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 49

squamous cell carcinoma grow faster and are tender

Question 50

name 2 precursors for squamous cell carcinoma (cancer)

Answer 50

actinic keratosis Bowen's disease

Question 51

what is the most concerning cancer by prognosis if not caught early?

Answer 51

melanoma

Question 52

how do u separate melanomas from benign lesions?

Answer 52

ABCDE - Asymmetry - Border irregularity - Colour variation - Diameter >6mm - Evolving/elevated