Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between the presentation of acne and rosacea?

A

no comodones in rosacea - black/whiteheads

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2
Q

what is the management of rosacea?

A

avoid triggers -> spicy food, alcohol, stress, temperature change, sunlight

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3
Q

what is the presentation of peri oral dermatitis?

A

Itchy red papules around the eyes, mouth and nose

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4
Q

how is peri oral dermatitis treated?

A

oral antibiotics

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5
Q

what makes oral dermatitis worse?

A

steroids

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6
Q

how do bacterial skin infections tend to present?

A

pussy, oozy crusty

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7
Q

what is imphetigo caused by 2

A

streptococci and staphylococci and is contagious

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8
Q

how is impetigo treated?

A

antibiotics - topical if localised and systemically well

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9
Q

what is a furunculosis/boil caused by

A

Pustular infection (S.aureus) of the hair follicle

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10
Q

what is a furunculosis/boil associated with?

A

diabetes

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11
Q

what should u check for if a pt has a furunculosis/boil

A

nasal streptococcal carrier - if so then nasal antibiotics

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12
Q

what is erysipelas?

A

Superficial form of cellulitis usually on one side of the body

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13
Q

what is erysipelas caused by?

A

Group A beta haemolytic streptococcus

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14
Q

what is the presentation of erysipelas?

A

Spreading red edge -> sharp line of demarcation

systemic symptoms

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15
Q

how is erysipelas treated?

A

systemic antibiotics

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16
Q

what is the general presentation of fungal infections

A

Red, dry and scaly

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17
Q

name two fungal skin infections

A

dermatophyte - tinea

candida

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18
Q

what is the presentation of candida?

A

white colour

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19
Q

what pt are at increased susceptibility of candida?

A

diabetics - likes sugar

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20
Q

what is the general presentation of viral skin infections?

A

tiny blisters

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21
Q

what is the cause of viral warts?

22
Q

how are viral warts treated?

A

May resolve spontaneously or require cryotherapy

23
Q

what is the cause of Molluscum contagiosum

A

DNA pox virus

24
Q

how are Molluscum contagiosum treated?

A

will resolve on their own but take a while

25
herpes simplex can be triggered by what?
UV light
26
what is shingles caused by?
reactivation of chicken pox
27
how is shingles treated?
oral antivirals
28
is hand foot and mouth disease caused by bacteria, fungus or virus?
hand foot and mouth disease
29
what is eczema caused by?
genetics
30
name 3 types of eczema
atopic contact dermatitis seborrhoeic
31
what is contact dermatitis?
Inflammation of the skin caused by contact with something in the environment
32
who can get irritant contact dermatitis?
We can all get e.g. washing hands 100 times
33
how is allergic contact dermatitis investigated?
patch testing
34
name a dentally relevant example of allergic contact dermatitis?
Lichenoid reaction - allergy to metal filling
35
what causes Seborrhoeic?
yeast overgrowth
36
what areas of the skin are affected by seborrhoeic?
Affects areas of the skin with lots of oil glands
37
how is eczema treated?
avoid irritants, moisturisers, steroids, UVL, immunosuppressives
38
compare the presentation of psoriasis to eczema
More flaky than eczema and has a clear outline
39
compare psoriasis to fungal infections
- Bilateral where as fungal infections are unilateral
40
lichen Planus appearance in the mouth
White lacy appearance in the mouth
41
what is pemphigus vulgaris?
Immune system attacks connections that hold skin together in the epidermis
42
how is pemphigus vulgars treated?
immunosuppression
43
how does erythema multiforme present?
Target lesion - bullseye pattern rings
44
what is the presentation of orofacial granulomatosis?
Soft tissues in the mouth, lips and face to swell
45
what is the presentation of peutz jegher syndrome
Polyps in the GI tract and dark spots on the skin
46
risk factors for skin cancer 6
Excessive sun exposure and sunbed use Multiple sunburns Skin type Immunosuppression Personal and family history Number of moles
47
basal cell carcinoma (cancer) is usually due to?
sun exposure
48
do basal cell carcinoma metastasise?
no
49
what is the difference between basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma?
squamous cell carcinoma grow faster and are tender
50
name 2 precursors for squamous cell carcinoma (cancer)
actinic keratosis Bowen's disease
51
what is the most concerning cancer by prognosis if not caught early?
melanoma
52
how do u separate melanomas from benign lesions?
ABCDE - Asymmetry - Border irregularity - Colour variation - Diameter >6mm - Evolving/elevated