Dermatology Flashcards
Preterm skin has increased permability due to decreased thickness of the ______ layer.
Epidermis
Increased elasticity in preterm skin is due to:
large decrease in collagen elastic fibers
A decrease in ______ increases preterm photosensitivity
melanosomes
Eccrine gland function normalizes after ______ of age
1-7 days
Sebaceous glands have a ______ in secretions in the preterm infant
decrease
Surface area to volume in the preterm infant is significantly _______ compared to term
increased
Erythema toxicum occurs in ______% of term infants
30-70%
E. toxicum typically presents at ____ of age
2-3 days to 2-3 weeks
Wright stain of e. toxicum has
numerous eosinophils
The skin type most commonly affected by neonatal pustular melanosis:
dark-skinned infants
Three stages of neonatal pustular melanosis
1— Birth- small, non-inflammatory pustules
2— Ruptured pustules with scale, hyperpigmented macules
3— Hyperpigmented macules for up to 3 months
Neonatal pustular melanosis wright staining shows
numerous neutrophils
Obstruction of sweat glands causes a rash called
miliaria
Miliaria occurs in _____ on the body
intertriginous, face, scalp, trunk
A rash of sweat obstruction with superficial thin-walled 1-2mm vesicles is ______
miliaria crystalline
A rash of sweat obstruction with small groups of red papules and pustules (“prickly heat”) is ____
miliaria rubra
A rash of sweat obstruction with pustules on an erythematous base from localized inflammation is _____
miliaria pustulosa
A rash of sweat obstruction with nonerythematous skin-colored pustules is ____
miliaria profunda
Miliaria wright-staining shows _____
sparse squamous cells and lymphocytes
Pearly nonerythematous yellow or white papules on the face are ____
milia
Milia are caused by
small epidermal inclusion cysts (keratin and sebaceous material in follicles)
Milia generally resolves by ______ of age
1-3 months
Epstein’s pearls are _____ located on genitalia, areola or mouth
milia
Neonatal acne affects ____ of newborn infants
20%
Both neonatal and infantile acne is more common in _____ gender infants
male
Neonatal acne is caused by _____
increased androgenic organ response
inflammatory Malassezie species colonization
Neonatal acne occurs around ____ of age
3 weeks
Presentation of neonatal acne is
inflammatory papules and pustules without comedones
face and scalp
Presentation of infantile acne presents at ____ of age
3-4 months
Presentation of infantile acne appears as ___
more severe neonatal acne
comedones, inflammatory papules and pustules, nodules
Neonatal acne resolves by ____ of age
1 year of age, no long term risk for acne
Infantile acne resolves by _______ of age
1-3 years
Increased risk of severe acne at puberty
Severe infantile acne can be associated with:
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
gonadal/adrenal tumor
precocious puberty
