Dermatology Flashcards
List primary skin lesions (13) and define them
macula - in the plane of the skin, less than 1cm diameter
patch - macula greater than 1 cm
papules - raised above the surface of skin, less than 1 cm
plaque - papules greater than 1 cm
vesicles - filled with fluid less than 1 cm
bula - vesicles greater than 1 cm
nodule - elevated, solid lesion, involves deeper layer, less than 1 cm
tumor nodule greater than 1 cm
urtica - papulae or plaque and edema lasts for several hours
erosion - skin cracking, only epidermis
ulcer - erosion involves deeper layers
patehia - blood deposit less than 1 cm
purpura - greater 1 cm
list secondary skin lesions and describe them (5)
crust - dry fluid on the lesion
flakes - excess keratin
fissures - linear bursting skin
excoriations - signs of scratching
atrophy - reduction in number, size cell, thin skin, like wrinkled skin
How do you describe skin condition
- description of the basic type of lesion
- the shape of the base lesion
- relative relation to other lesions
- distribution in the body
- examine hair / scalp, nails, mucous
membranes, conjunctiva, - general external review
what is wood lamp review
a test that uses UV light to look at the skin closely, for fungal or other skin infection
List pigment skin lesions (5)
- seborrhaic keratosis
- actinic keratosis
- basal cell carcinoma
- nevi
- melanoma malignum
what is the most common benign cutaneous outgrowth?
seborrhoic keratosis
what is a premalignant lesion, exposed to sun areas, grows with age?
actinic keratosis
characteristics of basal cell carcinoma (3)
shining like beads, clearly bound borders, talengiectasia
clinical types of basal cell carcinoma (3)
nodular
pigmented
superficial
list inflammatory skin lesions (3)
eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis
ABCD malignant melanoma
asimetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter increase
types of eczema
irritating, contact, atopic
treatment for irritant dermatitis
avoid the trigger
topical corticosteroid: weak or medium potency
systemic corticosteroid if severe
treatment fo contact dermatitis
avoid all potential irritants
cold moist peels, burrow solution, saline solution
acute: corticosteroid 2-3x day for 7-14 days
chronic: creams or oild, systemic corticosteroid , prednisone 1mg/kg reduce the dose rapidly after 7 days
topical antibiotic erythromycin for secondary infection
what is atopic dermatitis
eczematous skin reaction type I, IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction - histamine release produces intense pruritus
atopic dermatitis treatment
- avoid irritating clothing, wool, nylon, tight , strong soaps, detergents, hot water
- avoid combing,
use skin moisturizing emulsion
topical corticosteroid weak to medium 2-3x day 7-14 days
systematic: antihistamins, corticosteroids, antibiotics due to secondary infection
where does seborrheic dermatitis occur
places rich in sebaceous glands, scapula, eyebrowws, eyelashes, chin, behind the ear, forehead, armpits, gdje se salo savija
seborrheic dermatitis treatment
- remove peeling skin with oils
- 2% ketoconazole shampoo
- poorly potent corticosteroid scalp lotion
- non fluorinated hydrocortison face cream
describe psoriasis
chronic condition that often begins in childhood with streptococcal infection and is sometimes asscoiated with arthritis , most common is plaque psoriasis
how to treat psoriasis
salicylic acid 1-12% for peeling
corticosteroid ointment to reduce flaking and inflammation
tar derivatives for cellular transformation
UV B light + tar , sun usually helps
systemic treatment: methotrexate, corticosteroids, cyclosporin, psoralen
