Dermatology

Question 1

List primary skin lesions (13) and define them

Answer 1

macula - in the plane of the skin, less than 1cm diameter
patch - macula greater than 1 cm

papules - raised above the surface of skin, less than 1 cm
plaque - papules greater than 1 cm

vesicles - filled with fluid less than 1 cm
bula - vesicles greater than 1 cm

nodule - elevated, solid lesion, involves deeper layer, less than 1 cm
tumor nodule greater than 1 cm

urtica - papulae or plaque and edema lasts for several hours
erosion - skin cracking, only epidermis
ulcer - erosion involves deeper layers

patehia - blood deposit less than 1 cm
purpura - greater 1 cm

Question 2

list secondary skin lesions and describe them (5)

Answer 2

crust - dry fluid on the lesion
flakes - excess keratin
fissures - linear bursting skin
excoriations - signs of scratching
atrophy - reduction in number, size cell, thin skin, like wrinkled skin

Question 3

How do you describe skin condition

Answer 3

• description of the basic type of lesion
• the shape of the base lesion
• relative relation to other lesions
• distribution in the body
• examine hair / scalp, nails, mucous
  membranes, conjunctiva,
• general external review

Question 4

what is wood lamp review

Answer 4

a test that uses UV light to look at the skin closely, for fungal or other skin infection

Question 5

List pigment skin lesions (5)

Answer 5

1. seborrhaic keratosis
2. actinic keratosis
3. basal cell carcinoma
4. nevi
5. melanoma malignum

Question 6

what is the most common benign cutaneous outgrowth?

Answer 6

seborrhoic keratosis

Question 7

what is a premalignant lesion, exposed to sun areas, grows with age?

Answer 7

actinic keratosis

Question 8

characteristics of basal cell carcinoma (3)

Answer 8

shining like beads, clearly bound borders, talengiectasia

Question 9

clinical types of basal cell carcinoma (3)

Answer 9

nodular
pigmented
superficial

Question 10

list inflammatory skin lesions (3)

Answer 10

eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis

Question 10

ABCD malignant melanoma

Answer 10

asimetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter increase

Question 11

types of eczema

Answer 11

irritating, contact, atopic

Question 12

treatment for irritant dermatitis

Answer 12

avoid the trigger
topical corticosteroid: weak or medium potency
systemic corticosteroid if severe

Question 13

treatment fo contact dermatitis

Answer 13

avoid all potential irritants
cold moist peels, burrow solution, saline solution
acute: corticosteroid 2-3x day for 7-14 days
chronic: creams or oild, systemic corticosteroid , prednisone 1mg/kg reduce the dose rapidly after 7 days
topical antibiotic erythromycin for secondary infection

Question 14

what is atopic dermatitis

Answer 14

eczematous skin reaction type I, IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction - histamine release produces intense pruritus

Question 15

atopic dermatitis treatment

Answer 15

• avoid irritating clothing, wool, nylon, tight , strong soaps, detergents, hot water
• avoid combing,
  use skin moisturizing emulsion

topical corticosteroid weak to medium 2-3x day 7-14 days
systematic: antihistamins, corticosteroids, antibiotics due to secondary infection

Question 16

where does seborrheic dermatitis occur

Answer 16

places rich in sebaceous glands, scapula, eyebrowws, eyelashes, chin, behind the ear, forehead, armpits, gdje se salo savija

Question 17

seborrheic dermatitis treatment

Answer 17

• remove peeling skin with oils
• 2% ketoconazole shampoo
• poorly potent corticosteroid scalp lotion
• non fluorinated hydrocortison face cream

Question 18

describe psoriasis

Answer 18

chronic condition that often begins in childhood with streptococcal infection and is sometimes asscoiated with arthritis , most common is plaque psoriasis

Question 19

how to treat psoriasis

Answer 19

salicylic acid 1-12% for peeling
corticosteroid ointment to reduce flaking and inflammation
tar derivatives for cellular transformation
UV B light + tar , sun usually helps

systemic treatment: methotrexate, corticosteroids, cyclosporin, psoralen