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Finals > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Pemphigoid vs Pemphigus

A

PemphiguS

Superficial (sub-epidermal) - within the epidermis

Nikolsky positive

Younger

PemphigoiD

Deep (intra-epidermal) - junction between epidermis and dermis

Nikolsky negative

Older

Treat with steroids

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2
Q

Bowen’s Disease

A

Epidemiology

Also known as intraepidermal SCC.

Skin type 1/2, aged ~60 years

Aetiology

Long-term sun exposure

Mutant p53 resulting in uncontrolled skin cell growth

Increased risk in immunosuppressed individuals

Clinical Features

Red scaly patch on shin

Investigations

Clinical examination

Histological dx - excision/punch/incisional biopsy

Management

Watchful waiting

Topical flurouracil (large/multiple)

Curettage and excision (small/single)

Topical Imquimod

https://gpnotebook.com/en-gb/simplepage.cfm?ID=-1154154494

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3
Q

Psoariasis

A

Epidemiology

Peak onset 15-25 and 50-60 years

Chronic plaque psoriasis is commonest form

Aetiology

Immune-mediated inflammatory disease

Risk Factors:

Drugs: B-blockers, Anti-malarials, Lithium, Indomethacin/NSAIDs (BALI)

Skin trauma (Koebner phenomenon)

Infection: Streptococcus, HIV

Drugs: B-blockers, Anti-malarials, Lithium, Indomethacin/NSAIDs (BALI)

Withdrawal of steroids

Stress

Alcohol + smoking

Cold/dry weather

Clinical Features

Pruritic symmetrical red, scaly plaques with well-defined edges (may appear shiny and moist on flexural surfaces)

Nail pitting and onycholysis (nailbed separation)

Affects scalp and extensors (elbows and knees)

Investigations

Skin Biopsy findings include epidermal thickening, munro microabscesses (leucocytes)

Absence of bacteria (normal pilosebaceous units)

Management

Topical Treatment

All patients should use an emollient to reduce scale and itch

1st: potent topical corticosteroid OD (eg Betnovate) + topical vitamin D OD (eg Dovonex) applied at different times
2nd: stop the topical corticosteroid, apply topical vitamin D twice daily
3rd: stop the topical vitamin D, apply potent topical corticosteroid twice daily

Dithranol + tar are alternatives

Phototherapy

1st: narrowband UVB phototherapy
2nd: psoralen + UVA (PUVA)

Systemic treatment

1st: methotrexate
2nd: ciclosporin (1st line if rapid disease control needed/palmoplantar pustulosis/are considering conception)
3rd: acitretin

Biological treatment

Infliximab

Etanercept

Adalimumab

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4
Q

Topical Steroid potencies

A

Topical steroid potencies

Topical corticosteroids are available in 4 different potencies (remembered by the mnemonic “Help Every Budding Dermatologist”)

Mild- Hydrocortisone 0.5%

Moderate- Eumovate (clobetasone butyrate 0.05%)

Potent- Betnovate (betamethasone valerate 0.1%)

Very potent- Dermovate (clobetasol propionate 0.05%)

Topical steroid guiding points

Potent/very potent topical corticosteroids should not be used on the face or genitals.

Very potent topical corticosteroids should not be used in primary care, but should only be prescribed by dermatologists.

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5
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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6
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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7
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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8
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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9
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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10
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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11
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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12
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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13
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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14
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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15
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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16
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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17
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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18
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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19
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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20
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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21
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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22
Q

Condition

A

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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23
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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24
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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25
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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26
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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27
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical Features

Investigations

Management

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28
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

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Investigations

Management

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29
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

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Investigations

Management

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30
Q

Condition

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Epidemiology

Aetiology

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Investigations

Management

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31
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Condition

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32
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Condition

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33
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34
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35
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36
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37
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38
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39
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40
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41
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Finals (21 decks)

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