Dermatologic Flashcards
MOA of Polymyxin B?
Disrupts the structure of the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with phospholipids
MOA of Bacitracin?
Interferes with the peptidoglycans of the bacterial cell wall
What are the four topical antimicrobials?
Bacitracin
Neomycin
Polymyxin B
Neosporin
What is the drug of choice for Impetigo?
Mupirocin/Bactroban
MOA of Mupirocin/Bactroban?
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Drug of choice for Tinea?
Ketoconazole/Nizoral
MOA of Ketoconazole/Nizoral?
Inhibits sterol synthesis, a component of fungal cell membranes
What three skin conditions are typically treated with topical corticosteroids?
Atopic dermatitis/eczema
Contact/allergic dermatitis
Psoriasis
What is the classification system of corticosteroids?
Class I - very high potency
to
Class VII - low potency
What are two important considerations when prescribing Class I corticosteroids?
It should not be discontinued abruptly
Tx duration should not exceed 2-4 weeks
What is a consideration when using betamethasone dipropionate?
Avoid occlusive dressings and use with caution in other high potency agents
What are common cutaneous adverse reactions to topical corticosteroids?
Skin atrophy Telangiectasia Hypopigmentation Acne Increased hair growth
What is a last line therapy for atopic dermatitis?
Topical calcineurin inhibitors
- Tacrolimus
- Pimecrolimus
What is the tx for pruritus/hives?
Systemic antihistamines
- Loratadine
- Cetirizine
Should you recommend topical antihistamines like diphenhydramine or doxepin for pruritus/hives?
No, they are ineffective, can cause contact dermatitis and cutaneous sensitization
What are the five categories of pharmacologic treatment options for acne?
Salicylic acid Benzoyl peroxide Topical retinoids Antibacterial agents Antisebum agents
What topical acne medication may cause bleaching of skin, hair, fabrics, and carpeting, and promotes tumors in lab animals?
Benzoyl peroxide, seriously, but it’s still a first-line treatment, go figure.
What is the main concern in using Isotretinoin?
Teratogenicity
MOA of Isotretinoin?
Reduction of hyperkeratinization, # of sebaceous gland and sebum production, propionibacterium acne
What are five categories of therapy for Psoriasis?
Topical corticosteroids Topical vit. D analog Topical vit. A analog Phototherapy Systemic therapy (oral steroids, chemotherapy, TNF-a inhibitors)
Class and MOA of Calcipotriene?
Vit. D analog
Inhibits epidermal proliferation and stimulation of differentiation
What topical retinoid is recommended to use with topical corticosteroids for improved efficacy and tolerability?
Tazarotene
What class of drug is given in combination with phototherapy because it reacts to ultraviolet A light?
Psoralen (i.e. methoxsalen), this is called PUVA therapy
