Derma reports

Question 1

stimulated by sun exposure

Answer 1

cutaneous vitamin D

Question 2

causes increase in pigmentation

Answer 2

increased production of melanin by melanocytes

Question 3

radiation which penetrates the skin deeper

Answer 3

UVA

Question 4

primary cause of sunburn

Answer 4

UVB

Question 5

undergo apoptotic changes in response to UV-induced DNA damage

Answer 5

keratinocytes

Question 6

causes vasodilation of cutaneous blood vessels, resulting in erythema

Answer 6

UVR

Question 7

medications for reduction of sunburn-associated pain and inflammation

Answer 7

analgesic non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Question 8

Besides NSAIDs, _____ and _____ are also used to alleviate sunburn effects

Answer 8

acetaminophen, corticosteroids

Question 9

medical term for hair loss

Answer 9

alopecia

Question 10

part of hair projecting above the surface of the skin

Answer 10

hair shaft

Question 11

hair layers, inner to outermost

Answer 11

medulla, cortex, cuticle

Question 12

terminal dilation of the hair follicle

Answer 12

hair bulb

Question 13

part of hair which is an invagination of the epidermal epithelium

Answer 13

hair follicle

Question 14

darkly pigmented and continuously growing hair

Answer 14

terminal hair

Question 15

short, fine hair which only grows a certain length

Answer 15

vellus hair

Question 16

three phases of the hair cycle

Answer 16

anagen, catagen, telogen

Question 17

type of hair loss involving autoimmune attack on hair follicles

Answer 17

alopecia areata

Question 18

follicular mucinosis; dermatologic eruptions consist of follicular papules and/or indurated plaques, mucin deposition in hair follicles

Answer 18

alopecia mucinosa

Question 19

non-scarring alopecia characterized by diffuse hair shedding that happens when there is a change in the number of hair follicles growing hair

Answer 19

telogen effluvium

Question 20

medical term for dry skin

Answer 20

xerosis

Question 21

severe form of xerosis due to irritation or trauma

Answer 21

Xerosis cutanea

Question 22

two actions emolients

Answer 22

occlusives, humectants

Question 23

moisturizer that provide a layer of oil on the surface of the skin to slow water loss

Answer 23

occlusives

Question 24

substances that increase skin’s water holding capacity

Answer 24

humectants

Question 25

part of the nail produced by nail matrix

Answer 25

nail plate

Question 26

stabilize fibrous proteins in nail plate for hardness

Answer 26

disulfide bonds

Question 27

malformation of fingernail or toenail

Answer 27

onychodystrophy

Question 28

longitudinal thickening and thinning or ridging of nail plate

Answer 28

onychorrhexis

Question 29

lamellar or horizontal splitting of the free edge of the nail plate

Answer 29

onychoschizia

Question 30

excessive sweating

Answer 30

hyperhidrosis

Question 31

glands which form in utero but do not function until puberty

Answer 31

apocrine sweat glands

Question 32

wound caused by superficial damage to the skin

Answer 32

abrasion

Question 33

abrasion with damage solely on the epidermis

Answer 33

first-degree abrasion

Question 34

abrasion wherein damage is deep within the layers of the skin down to the hypodermis

Answer 34

third degree abrasion

Question 35

phases of wound healing

Answer 35

inflammatory, proliferation, maturation

Question 36

phase of wound healing characterized by histamine release and breakdown of collagen

Answer 36

inflammatory

Question 37

phase of wound healing where collagen replaces damaged tissue

Answer 37

proliferation

Question 38

phase of wound healing where reorganization of collagen fibers to form a scar occurs

Answer 38

maturation

Question 39

striae is a(n) ______ scar

Answer 39

atrophic

Question 40

sensation of warmth accompanied by facial erythema

Answer 40

blushing/flushing

Question 41

pathway for blushing

Answer 41

lateral amygdala -- amygdala -- hypothalamus, medulla -- medial nucleus -- vasoconstriction (except in flush areas)

Question 42

spider veins; small dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes

Answer 42

telangectasias

Question 43

UV-induced elastin fiber degradation manifested by yellowing of the skin

Answer 43

solar elastosis

Question 44

damage caused by long-term sun exposure

Answer 44

photodamage

Question 45

medical term for itching

Answer 45

pruritus

Question 46

pruritus conducted by myelinated, rapidly-conducting delta A fibers

Answer 46

localized itch

Question 47

pruritus couducted by unmyelinated slowly-conducting Cfibers

Answer 47

generalized itch

Question 48

itch related to systemic disorders such as chronic renal failure and liver disease

Answer 48

neurogenic itch

Question 49

itch related with brain tumors or MS; dysfunction of itch-sensing neurons

Answer 49

neuropathic itch

Question 50

itch observed in patients with psychological disorders

Answer 50

psychogenic itch

Question 51

modulates spinal reflex in itching

Answer 51

corticothalamic center