Derma reports Flashcards
stimulated by sun exposure
cutaneous vitamin D
causes increase in pigmentation
increased production of melanin by melanocytes
radiation which penetrates the skin deeper
UVA
primary cause of sunburn
UVB
undergo apoptotic changes in response to UV-induced DNA damage
keratinocytes
causes vasodilation of cutaneous blood vessels, resulting in erythema
UVR
medications for reduction of sunburn-associated pain and inflammation
analgesic non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Besides NSAIDs, _____ and _____ are also used to alleviate sunburn effects
acetaminophen, corticosteroids
medical term for hair loss
alopecia
part of hair projecting above the surface of the skin
hair shaft
hair layers, inner to outermost
medulla, cortex, cuticle
terminal dilation of the hair follicle
hair bulb
part of hair which is an invagination of the epidermal epithelium
hair follicle
darkly pigmented and continuously growing hair
terminal hair
short, fine hair which only grows a certain length
vellus hair
three phases of the hair cycle
anagen, catagen, telogen
type of hair loss involving autoimmune attack on hair follicles
alopecia areata
follicular mucinosis; dermatologic eruptions consist of follicular papules and/or indurated plaques, mucin deposition in hair follicles
alopecia mucinosa
non-scarring alopecia characterized by diffuse hair shedding that happens when there is a change in the number of hair follicles growing hair
telogen effluvium
medical term for dry skin
xerosis
severe form of xerosis due to irritation or trauma
Xerosis cutanea
two actions emolients
occlusives, humectants
moisturizer that provide a layer of oil on the surface of the skin to slow water loss
occlusives
substances that increase skin’s water holding capacity
humectants
part of the nail produced by nail matrix
nail plate
stabilize fibrous proteins in nail plate for hardness
disulfide bonds
malformation of fingernail or toenail
onychodystrophy
longitudinal thickening and thinning or ridging of nail plate
onychorrhexis
lamellar or horizontal splitting of the free edge of the nail plate
onychoschizia
excessive sweating
hyperhidrosis
glands which form in utero but do not function until puberty
apocrine sweat glands
wound caused by superficial damage to the skin
abrasion
abrasion with damage solely on the epidermis
first-degree abrasion
abrasion wherein damage is deep within the layers of the skin down to the hypodermis
third degree abrasion
phases of wound healing
inflammatory, proliferation, maturation
phase of wound healing characterized by histamine release and breakdown of collagen
inflammatory
phase of wound healing where collagen replaces damaged tissue
proliferation
phase of wound healing where reorganization of collagen fibers to form a scar occurs
maturation
striae is a(n) ______ scar
atrophic
sensation of warmth accompanied by facial erythema
blushing/flushing
pathway for blushing
lateral amygdala – amygdala – hypothalamus, medulla – medial nucleus – vasoconstriction (except in flush areas)
spider veins; small dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes
telangectasias
UV-induced elastin fiber degradation manifested by yellowing of the skin
solar elastosis
damage caused by long-term sun exposure
photodamage
medical term for itching
pruritus
pruritus conducted by myelinated, rapidly-conducting delta A fibers
localized itch
pruritus couducted by unmyelinated slowly-conducting Cfibers
generalized itch
itch related to systemic disorders such as chronic renal failure and liver disease
neurogenic itch
itch related with brain tumors or MS; dysfunction of itch-sensing neurons
neuropathic itch
itch observed in patients with psychological disorders
psychogenic itch
modulates spinal reflex in itching
corticothalamic center
