Derm - Powerpoints Flashcards
What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?
1) Stratum corneum
2) Stratum lucidum
3) Stratum granulosum
4) Stratum spinosum
5) Stratum germinativum (basale)
What type of cells form the stratum corneum
Keratinocytes (also called squamous cells)
What term is the process for cellular travel from the bottom layer (basale) to the top layer of the skin resulting in cell death?
Keratinization
How long does keratinization take?
30 days
What type of cell forms new keratinocytes replacing the old ones that are shed?
Basal cells
What are the names of the cells that produce melanin and prevent UV damage?
Melanocytes
What are the names of the cells that provide cutaneous immunity?
Langerhan cells (present FB to t cells)
What are the cells that provide sensory nerve endings?
Merkels cells
What are the name of the glands that provide thermoregulation and adhesion
Eccrine
What are the name of the glands that have no known function in humans
Apocrine
Sebaceous glands produce ____
Sebum (acne)
What muscles cause goosebumps?
Pili erector
The most important function of the dermis is to?
Produce collagen
What are the two layers of the dermis
1) Papillary (vasculature)
2) Reticular (collagen)
What are the functions of the subcutaneous layer of the skin?
1) cushioning
2) insulation
3) nutrition storage
What is the term for a physical process in the skin considered to be caused directly by a disease process?
Primary lesion
A superficial flat spot on the skin < 1 cm
Macule
What is a macule larger than 1 cm?
Patch
Solid elevations without fluid up to 1 cm in size
Papule (acne)
What is a solid palpable lesion > 1 cm with no fluid
Nodule
What is a soft, firm, moveable or fixed lesion over 2 cm
Tumor
What are broad papules greater than 1 cm
Plaque
Fluid containing elevations up to 1 cm
Vesicles
Fluid filled elevations greater than 1 cm
Bullae
What is another name for hives?
Wheal (moves)
Linear lesions produced by infestation of the skin
Burrow
Permanent dilation of superficial blood vessels of the skin
Telangiectasia
What type of lesions are caused from primary lesions or external forces?
Secondary lesions
What is the term for desquamated layers of the stratum corneum
Scale
What disease is associated with honey crusting?
Staph aureus
Absence of epidermis or subcutaneous fat
Atrophy
Thickening of the epidermis caused by chronic rubbing or scratching
Lichenification
Depressed areas of the skin where the epidermis has been lost
Erosion
Traumatized or abraded skin caused by scratching or rubbing
Excoriation
Linear cleavage
Fissure
Necrosis of epidermis and dermis (sometimes subQ also)
Ulceration
Exaggerated connective tissue response of injured skin
Keloid
Hard plaque covering due to burn
Eschar
Minute punctate capillary bleeding < 1 cm
Petechiae
Petechiae over 1 cm
Purpura
Another name for bruising
Ecchymosis
What is the name for a lesion that blanches when pressed
Erythema
43% of people with skin disorders also suffer from?
Depression and anxiety
Most common acne is called?
Acne vulgaris
Psoriasis patients make new skin every __ days
4
Psoriasis has a ___-_____scale
Silvery-white
Malignant melanoma generally occurs in what areas?
Non-sun exposed areas
Older population lesions with a greasy, cauliflower-like surface that can be scratched off
Seborreheic keratosis
Red spot that does not blanch
Cherry angiomas
Abnormal scar that is hard and discolored
dermatofibroma
Usually in older folks where sun exposure is prominent, feels like sandpaper
Solar/actinic keratosis
Looks pearly or shiny under the microscope that may have a crevice and may spread
Basal cell carcinoma
