Derm - Charts Flashcards
A slightly but uniformly pigmented macule or patch with an irregular border, 1 cm to 1.5 cm in diameter
Cafe-Au-Lait Spots
A superficial fungal infection of the skin causing hypo or hyperpigmented scaly macules on the trunk, neck and upper arms
Tinea versicolor
Depigmented macules on the face, hands, feet and other regions that may be hereditary
Vitiligo
A bluish color to the skin or nails
Cyanosis
This makes the skin turn yellow and is usually obvious in the sclera and mucous membranes
Jaundice
This condition causes yellow skin but does not affect the sclera. It is not harmful.
Carotenemia
A red hue caused by increased blood flow
Erythema
Violaceous patches over the eyelids
Heliotrope
Reddish oval ringworm-like papules or plagues
Pityriasis rosea
What is the distribution of pityriasis rosea?
Trunk, upper arms and upper thighs with herald lesion (1-2 weeks before rash)
Silvery scaly papules or plagues mainly on the extensor surfaces
Psoriasis
Tan flat scaly papules in a short-sleeved shirt distribution
Tinea versicolor
Scaly rash mainly on flexor surfaces
Atopic eczema
Small, non-palable, flat spot up to 1.0 cm
Macule (ie: hemangioma)
Flat, non-palpable spot 1.0 cm or larger
Patch (ie: cafe-au-lait)
Palpable, elevated lesion 1.0 cm or larger
often a group of united papules
Plaque (ie: psoriasis)
Palpable, elevated lesion up to 1.0 cm
Papule (ie: psoriasis)
Knot-like lesion larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and firmer than a papule
Nodule (ie: dermatofibroma)
Nodule filled with expressible material
Cyst (ie: epidermal inclusion cyst)
A somewhat irregular, relatively transient, superficial area of localized skin edema
Wheal (ie: urticaria)
A palpable elevation up to 1.0 cm and filled with serous fluid
Vesicle (ie: herpes simplex, zoster)
A palpable elevation 1.0 cm or larger filled with serous fluid
Bulla (ie: insect bite)
A palpable elevation filled with pus
yellow proteinaceous fluid with neutrophils
Pustule (ie: acne, small pox)
A minute, slightly raised tunnel in the epidermis
Burrow (ie: scabies)
Pardon me a minute while I ___ and ___.
Scratch and throw up
A thin flake of dead exfoliated epidermis
Scale
Dried residue of skin exudates
Crust
Visible and palpable thickening of the epidermis with increased visibility of the normal furrows
Lichenification
Increased connective tissue that arises from injury or disease
Scar
Hyperthrophic scarring that extends beyond the borders of the initiating injury
Keloid
Nonscarring loss of the superficial epidermis
Erosion
Linear or punctate erosins caused by scratching
Excoriation
A linear crack in the skin, usually from dryness
Fissure
A deeper loss of epidermis and dermis, may bleed and scar
Ulcer
What is the most common cutaneous disorder in the US?
Acne vulgaris
What plugs the follicle in acne?
sebum and keratinocytes
What is the common bacteria in acne?
Propionibacterium acnes
A fiery red, small, lesion with a central body and radiating legs
Spider angioma
A small, bluish lesion resembling a spider or linear, irregular, and cascading
Spider vein
A bright or ruby red lesion that may become purplish with age
Cherry angioma
A deep red or purplish round to irregular, flat lesion fading over time
Petechia or purpura
Purple or purplish-blue lesion which fades to green, yellow and brown with time
Ecchymosis
A common superficial hyperkeratotic papule that appers on sun-exposed skin in older adults
Actinic keratosis
Common, benign, whitish-yellowish to brown raised papules that feel greasy or velvety
Seborrheic keratosis
This skin cancer is commonly found on the face of adults over 40 and grows slowly
Basal cell
This skin cancer usually appears on sun-exposed skin of adults over 60
Squamous cell
This is another name for the common mole that has typical features
Benign nevus
What are the typical features of a benign nevus?
1) Round or oval
2) Sharp borders
3) Uniform color
4) Usually 10mm)
5) Flat or raised
Pressure ulcers are also called
Decubitus
What stage is the ulcer?
A crater in the skin with full-thickness loss and damage to the SQ tissue
Stage III
What stage is the ulcer?
A reddened area that fails to blanch with pressure and changes in temperature, consistency, sensation or color
Stage I
What stage is the ulcer?
Full-thickness skin loss with destruction, tissue necrosis, possible damage to underlying muscle or bone
Stage IV
What stage is the ulcer?
A blister or sore is present representing partial-thickness skin loss
Stage II
Round or oval patches of hair loss
Alopecia areata
Hair loss from pulling or plucking or twisting hair
Trichotillomania
Round, scaling patches of alopecia usually caused by a fungal infection
Tinea capitus or ringworm
A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral nail folds adjacent to the nail plate, usually caused by staph or strep
Paronychia
trauma, nail manicuring, frequent immersion
Loss of the normal angle of the nail base due to bulbous swelling of the soft tissues
Clubbing
hypoxia, genetics, congenital heart disease, interstitial lung disease, lung CA
A painless separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, appears as whitish or translucent areas
Onycholysis
diabetes, anemia, ADR, hyperthyroidism, bronchiectasis, syphilis
White nail plates with a distal band of reddish brown color
Terry’s nails
liver disease, heart failure, diabetes
Nonuniform white spots that grow out with the nail
Leukonychia
trauma
Curving transverse white bands that cross the nail parallel to the lunula
Mee’s lines
arsenic poisoning, HF, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, chemo, CO poisoning, leprosy
Transverse linear depressions of the nail plates
Beau’s lines
severe illness, trauma, cold exposure if Raynauds present
Punctate depressions of the nail plate
Pitting
psoriasis, Reiter’s syndrome, sarcoidosis, alopecia areata, atopic or chemical dermatitis
