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Derm + MSK Moi > Derm Passmed > Flashcards

Derm Passmed Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What Drug Induced lupus?

A

Not all typical feature of SLE

Feature: Anti-histone antibodies + ANA +VE

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2
Q

Which drugs induce lupus?

A

Most common causes; procainamide, hydralazine
Less common causes; isoniazid, minocycline
phenytoin

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3
Q

Whta is shingles?

A

Painful dermatomal rash caused by HZV.

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4
Q

Presentation of shingles?

A

Acute,
Unilateral,
Painful blistering rash caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
Often dormant for decades in the dorsal root ganglion nerves.
Reactivate due to several causes e.g. immunosuppression.

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5
Q

RF of shingles?

A 
Increasing age >50 yo. 
Immunocompromised conditions 
Transplant patient = immunocompromised 
Autoimmune condition 
Female genre
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6
Q

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

A

involving the eye

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7
Q

Herpes Zoster Oticus

A

infection of the ears (w/ facial paralysis)

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8
Q

What does psoriasis histologically demonstrate?

A

neutrophil infiltration into the stratum corneum.

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9
Q

Presentation of psoriasis?

A

Presents with red, scaly patches on the skin = have INCREASED risk of arthritis (psoriatic) + Cardio disease.

Worsened by lithium.

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10
Q

Destruction of Desmoglein 1 ?

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

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11
Q

Destruction of Hemidesmosomes ?

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

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12
Q

What is Erysipelas ?

A

is bacterial infection in the superficial upper layer of the skin.

caused by s. pyogenes but can be cause by s. aureus.

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13
Q

1st degree burn ?

A

In the superficial epidermal = appear red + painful.

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14
Q

2nd degree ?

superficial dermal

A

partial thickness = appear pale pink, painful, blistering

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15
Q

2rd degree ?

deep dermal

A

partial thickness = appear white but patches of non-blanching erythema. Reduced sensation.

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16
Q

3rd degree ?

A

Full thickness = appear white / brown/ black non blistering, no pain.

17
Q

Pathogenesis of burns ?

A

Local response with progressive tissue loss + release of inflammatory cytokines.

Reduced CO due to fluid loss + sequestration of fluid into the 3rd space (interstitial compartment)

18
Q

What is Acanthosis Nigricans ?

A

dry, dark patches of skin that usually appear in the armpits, neck or groin.

19
Q

Is AN due to an underlying condition?

A 
Yes! 
Obesity 
T2D
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Acromegaly
Cushing's disease
Hypothyroidism
Familial
Prader-Willi syndrome
Drugs: oral contraceptive pill, nicotinic acid
GI cancer
20
Q

Pathophysiology of AN ?

A

Insulin resistance → hyperinsulinemia → stimulation of keratinocytes + dermal fibroblast proliferation via interaction with insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGFR1).

21
Q

What is Pityriasis Rosea ?

A

Temporary skin condition = erythematous, oval, scaly patches which follow a characteristic distribution

‘fir-tree’ appearance.

22
Q

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ?

A

Life-threatening skin disorder that is most commonly seen secondary to a drug reaction.

Systemically unwell e.g. pyrexia, tachycardic + - positive Nikolsky’s sign

23
Q

Steven-Johnson syndrome ?

A

Similar but involves less than 10% of body surfaces.

24
Q

Complications of S-JS + TEN:

A

Volume loss
Electrolyte derangement
Hypothermia
Secondary infection

25
Q

What are scabies ?

A

caused by mite Sarcoptes scabiei + is spread by prolonged skin contact.

It typically affects children + young adults.

26
Q

Where does scabies lay its eggs?

A

Stratum Corneum

Can cause intense purities = assoc. w/ delayed T4 Hypersensitivity.

27
Q

Treatment of choice for scabies

A

Permethrin 5% cream

Malathion is an insecticide lotion which is used second-line for scabies

28
Q

Treatment for pyoderma ganggrenosum

A

Oral prednisolone

29
Q

Pathophysiology pyoerma gangrenosum

A

Classified as a neutrophilic dermatosis
Neurophilic dermatoses are skin conditions characterised by dense infiltration of neutrophils in the affected tissue and this is often seen on biopsy

30
Q

What are the 6 Ps in lichen planus

A

polygonal, purple, pruritic, papules, plaques, planar (flat topped)

31
Q

Most common type of melanoma?

A

Superficial spreading melanoma

32
Q

Drugs known to induce Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ?

A 
phenytoin
sulphonamides
allopurinol
penicillins
carbamazepine
NSAIDs
33
Q

What type of melanoma is common in darker skinned individuals?

A

Acral lentiginous melanoma

34
Q

Describe Tinea Corporis?

A

well-demarcated, erythematous circular patch with a raised edge and central hypo-pigmentation.

Derm + MSK Moi (3 decks)

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