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Dermatology > Derm Multisystem > Flashcards

Derm Multisystem Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Cutaneous bacterial infections - diabetes

A
  • foot ulcers
  • staphylococcal folliculitis
  • malignant otitis externa
  • pseudomonas nail
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2
Q

Malignant otitis externa

A

Associated with DM

  • pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • necrosis ulcers d/t narrowing vessels
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3
Q

Pseudomonas nail

A

“Greenish” color
Common in pseudomonas
Causes separation of the nail

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4
Q

Candida infections

A
  • perianal dermatitis
  • intertrigo
  • perleche’ (Angular cheilitis)
  • erosio interdigitalis
  • onychomycosis
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5
Q

Perleche’ (aka Angular cheilitis)

A

Cracks on side of mouth and from yeast

seen in older pts and DM pts

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6
Q

Candida intertrigo

A 
Where the skin rubs 
Erythematous
Satellite lesions
Moist 
(under breast and axillary region)
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7
Q

Skin tags (acrochordons)-diabetes

A

More numerous and no problems with them

Usually located around neck and axillary region

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8
Q

Diabetic thick skin

A

Occurs commonly

Prayer sign - cant put hands together

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9
Q

Mucormycosis

A

Rare - d/t DM ketoacidosis
Very aggressive
Can be caused by fungus or bacteria

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10
Q

Diabetic Dermopathy

A

Usually effects front of shins and very common

Brownish/yellow pigmentation

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11
Q

Necrobiosis Lipidica (Diabeticorum)

A

Very difficult to handle, no infxn but very slow healing process
Most common - pretibial
Yellowish-brown, dilated blood vessels, and central atrophy, ulceration
Seen in juvenile DM 1 pts

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12
Q

Bulbous Diabeticorum

A

Blisters (fluid filled)

surrounding inflammation/skin changes around blister

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13
Q

Eruptive Xanthomas

A

Lipid dispositions and crops of many small flesh/yellow/red papules
Occurs before DM is diagnosed

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14
Q

Lipemia retinals

A

Enorgroged blood vessels
Associated with elevated triglycerides
-patient at risk to develop pancreatitis

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15
Q

Acanthosis Nigricans

A

Seen on neck and underarms

Velvety, hyperpigmented, rough surface

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16
Q

Perioral acanthosis nigricans and tripe palms can suggest what?

A

Malignancy

-GU/GI or lung carcinoma most common

17
Q

Pseudoxanthoma elesticum

A
  • waxy-skin
  • yellowish-bumps
  • connective tissue disorder occurs in dermis layer
18
Q

Scleredema

A
  • erythematous induration of upper back and nape due to glycosaminoglycan deposition
  • skin feels heavy on shoulder and upper back
19
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Skin is moist, warm, smooth and erythematous
-itchy skin
-nails may separate from the nail bed (onycholysis)
aka plummers nails (not d/t fungus)
-classic skin finding: pretibial myxedema

20
Q

Pretibial myxedema

A
  • Graves disease
  • brawny, indurated plaques - pretibial areas
  • skin colored, brownish red, very thick
  • mutinous ground substance
  • treatment of hyperthyroidism has no effect
21
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Mild: skin is dry, scaly, cold and pale

  • nails are thin and brittle
  • yellow and diffuse lay thickened skin
  • loss of outer third of eyebrows (madarosis)
  • enlarged and thickened lips and tongue
  • yellow skin - carotenemia
  • Skin: generalized myxedema
  • flat looking, puffy, cold, pale face
22
Q

yellow skin - carotenemia from

A

Impaired conversion of carotene to Vitamin A

23
Q

Skin: Generalized Myxedema

A

All over body

24
Q

Acromegaly

A

Excess pituitary growth hormones

  • bone thickening, coarse fancies, enlarged hands
  • skin: hypertrophic and acanthosis nigricans
  • scalp fold accentuation (cutis verticis gyrata)
25
Q

Cushing’s disease (hypercortisolism)

A

Skin thin, atrophic, and bruises/tears easily

  • striae: abdomen, upper chest and buttocks
  • broadened facial features (moon facies)
  • increased awareness fat on upper back and neck: buffalo hump
  • truncal obesity
26
Q

Hereditary polyposis: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: skin

A

Hypermigmented macules of the lips, buccaneers mucosa, and tips of digits

27
Q

Hereditary polyposis: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: gastrointestinal

A
  • polyps of stomach, small bowel, colon, and rectum
  • benign hamartomas (in small intestine)
  • colicky abdomen pain, GI hermorrhage, and anemia
28
Q

Hereditary polyposis: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: treatment

A

Simple polypectomy

29
Q

Dermatomyositis

A
  • inflammatory myositis and skin findings
  • skin lesions, heliotrope, Gottron’s papules, proximal muscle weakness/pain
  • EMG changes
  • Increase malignancy***
30
Q

What is diamonds triad for graves disease?

A

Pretibial myxedema

Acropachy

Graves exophthalmos

Dermatology (6 decks)

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