Derm - Eczema Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major endogenous types of Eczema?

A

Atopic
Seborrhoeic
Discoid
Pompholyx
Varicose

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2
Q

What could cause eczema in general to flare up?

A
  • Infection
  • Environment e.g. hot/cold
  • Pets (if sensitized)
  • Teething
  • Stress
  • Idiopathic
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3
Q

In general how do you treat eczema?

A
  • Emollients
  • Topical Steroids
  • Calcineurin Inhibitors
  • UVB Phototherapy
  • Immunosuppresants
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4
Q

What are the dangers of steroids?

A

Skin thinning if used for a prolonged time

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5
Q

How do we dose steroids?

A

The mildest form is Hydrocortisone.
Should be used in finger tip units for:
- 1/day for 1-2wks
- Then if it improves continue using on alt days for a few days
- If stubborn areas you can use twice weekly for those areas

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6
Q

How does Atopic Dermatitis Occur?

A

Overactive immune response –> Abnormal fillagrin expression –> loss of skin barrier function
This allows loss of water + Penetrance of allergens/irritants leading to dry inflamed skin

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7
Q

Risk factors for atopic dermatitis?

A

Another ATopic TRiad condition (asthma or hayfever)

FH of atopic conditions

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8
Q

How does Atopic dermatitis appear?

A

Infants start on face/neck and spread generally

Older kids show a flexural pattern

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9
Q

What causes seborrheic dermatitis?

A

Malassezia Yeast

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10
Q

How does seborrheic appear?

A

On the scalp/face, mainly in <3month olds

Its ass with cradle cap

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11
Q

How do we treat seborrheic dermatitis?

A

Same as general with emollients and topical steroids

+ Antifungal creams/shampoos

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12
Q

Describe discoid eczema?

A

Scattered annular/circular itchy patches

Separate to or part of atopic eczema

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13
Q

What does pompholyx Eczema look like?

A

Intensely itchy vesicles on the hands and feet

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14
Q

What happens in Varicose Eczema?

A

Venous insufficiency, varicose veins, oedema or chronic leg swelling –> dry/inflamed skin, ulceration and oedema

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15
Q

How do you treat varicose eczema?

A

Same as general + Compression stocking

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16
Q

What are the types of exogenous eczema?

A

Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Photosensitive Dermatitis

17
Q

List some allergens causing Allergic Contact Dermatitis?

A

Milk
Soy
Peanuts
Eggs
Wheat
Dust Mite
Pet Dander
Pollen

18
Q

List the common irritants in Irritant COntact Dermatitis?

A

Soap
Chemicals
Citrus/tomato

19
Q

When would you suspect an allergy in eczema?

A
  • Immediate reaction to food
  • GI problems
  • FTT
  • Unresponsive to treatment
  • Generalised itching
  • Atopy
20
Q

How do we test for allergy?

A

Blood test for specific IgE

Skin Prick & PAtch testing

21
Q

How do you manage an allergy?

A

Dietary elimination for 8wks (refer to dietitian