Derm - Chronic Conditions Flashcards
risk factors for acne?
teenagers FHx diet sweat stress
features of acne?
open comedomes (blackheads) closed comedomes (whiteheads) pustules papules cysts nodules macules
what causes acne?
pores are blocked
colonisation of pilosebaceous unit by proponiobacterium acnes
what makes acne be graded as severe?
cysts
nodules
scarring
Tx for mild acne?
benzoyl peroxide
retinoids (avoid in pregnancy)
Tx for mod acne?
topical therapy
oral clindamycin/erythro/tetracycline
COCP
Tx for severe acne? side effects?
isotretonoin
dry skin skin fragility teratogenic mood alteration deranged LFTs
what are often triggers for rosacea?
UV
alcohol
spicy food
features of rosacea?
papules
pustules
erythema
nose, chin and forehead
Tx for rosacea?
avoid triggers
topical metronidzole
isotretonoin
what causes psoriasis?
hyperproliferation of epidermis
due to increased number of cells entering from the basal layer
histology of psoriasis?
absent granular layer
expanded prickle layer
large capillary vessels
features of chronic plaque psoriasis?
erythematous well demarcated scaly plaques
extensors
silver scale
what is auspitz sign?
removal of scale causes bleeding
what is the koebner phenomenon?
excoriations/trauma causes lesions to develop
features of guttate psoriasis?
raindrop pattern
post strep throat
trunk
young (15-25yrs)
where else can people get psoriasis?
palmoplantar
flexural
groin/axilla/inframammary
what are the nail signs in psoriasis?
subungal hyperkeratosis
oncholysis
nail pitting
Tx for psoriasis?
emolients
vit D analogues + steroids
coal tar
dithranol
phototherapy
systemic therapy
what can be used for systemic therapy in psoriasis?
MTX
ciclosporin
retinoids
what type of arthritis do those with psoriasis get?
symmetrical oligoarthritis
Tx of vitiligo?
steroids
phototherapy
camouflage
features of alopecia?
well defined
patchy
exclamation hair marks (short bits)
features of seborrhoeic dermatitis?
eyebrows nasolabial folds chest scaly greasy red itchy
Tx for seborrhoeic dermatitis?
emollients
steroids
ketoconazole
