Ageing - Stroke Flashcards
definition of a stroke?
rapidly developing signs/symptoms of a focal or global loss of brain function
what are the ischaemic types of stroke?
atheroembolic
cardioembolic
small vessel thrombotic
other
what are the haemorrhagic types of stroke?
intradural
- intracerebral
- SAH
subdural
extradural
risk factors for stroke?
AF thrombophilias FHx HT smoking DM dyslipidaemia CVD Hx of TIA/stroke
features of a stroke?
neglect language problems visual field change dipolopia weak aphasia/dysarthria loss of sensation confusion
what are cerebellar signs?
dysdiadokenesis ataxia nystagmus intention tremor slurred/staccato speech hypotonia
what occurs if broca’s area is damaged? where is it?
struggles to speak
frontal lobe
what occurs if wernicke’s area is damaged? where is it?
speaks but makes no sense
temporal lobe
what do small vessel thrombotic strokes affect? what are risk factors?
small penetrating arteries
HT, age, lipids
LACUNAR strokes
what are other causes of ischaemic strokes?
migraine
cocaine
shock
dissections
what are paradoxical emboli?
pass through PFO
DVT/PE in origin
gets into arterial circulation and causes large vessel cardioembolic stroke
causes of haemorrhagic stroke?
AVMs
hypertension
anticoagulants
cocaine
who gets extradurals? signs?
young person playing sport
fluctuating consciousness
LEMON
who gets subdurals? signs?
elderly
gradually declining consciousness
BANANA
what does the posterior cerebral artery supply?
occipital
what does the middle cerebral artery supply?
post central gyrus (sensory) parietal lobe