Derm buzz words Flashcards
-polygonal
-flexor surfaces
-Koebnerization
-violet/purple-violaceous
-Wickham striae
-dx: punch bx
Lichen Planus
-starts bright red papule
-blue discoloration (necrosis)
-white blanching (vasospasm)
-Bulls eye lesion
-ulceration
Brown recluse spider bite
- dark red pruritic urticarial plaques on the flexor surfaces
-then into tense bullae on the surface of the plaques
Bullous pemphigoid
-6 mm, red irregularly shaped, sharply demarcated, eroded lesion
organ donated to pt inc risk
Squamous cell carcinoma
- cold-like symptoms about a week before the eruption
-”herald patch” – large circular salmon-colored patch with a trailing edge of scale
Around 2 weeks lateR, smaller red papules with scale develop on the trunk along Langer’s lines appearing like a “Christmas tree” on trunk and proximal extremities
-young adults
Pityriasis rosacea
secondary to Pseudomonas aeruginosa
staphylococcal infection
hot tub or swimming 1-4 days ago
folliculitis
Depigmentation on face and distal extremties
-pink lesions
-depigmented macules and patches on the dorsal hands, axilla, face, fingers, or genitalia
-check thyroid stimulating hormone
vitiligo
topical retinoids
comedonal acne
-pearly papule with central ulceration and telangiectasias
Basal cell carcinoma
grouped vesicles that are intensely pruritic on the elbows, knees, sacral area, and buttocks.
-Immunofluorescence of a skin biopsy shows IgA deposits.
-tx: dapsone and GF diet
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
-think-oral contraceptive use
hyperpigmentation to her face-cheeks.
-light-to-dark brown macules to bilateral upper cheeks
-Family history
► Sun exposure
► Estrogen- pregnancy, IUDs, OCPs
► Thyroid disorders
► Medications
► Scented products- phototoxic reaction
Melasma
Koplik spots-white spots in mouth
“3 Cs”: cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis
head to toe Cephalocaudal
-couch may persist 2 weeks
-paramyxovirus
- gray-white, raised lesions on an erythematous base on buccal mucosa(in mouth)
-Exanthematous rash can be on soles and palms
-Maculopapular red blanching rash
measles
-slapped cheek
-5th dx
-Myalgias
Facial Rash
-Child is usually still active and playful
-Can return to school when energy levels back
-Parvovirus B19.
Occurs mostly in school aged children
-Transmission: respiratory secretions, blood exposure, vertical transmission from mother to fetus.
Erythema Infectiosum
-rubella virus a togavirus
3 day rash. Mild pink, macular, cephalocaudal spread
- more rapid spread
- generalized rash within 24 hours
Does not darken or coalesce
-Mild nonexudative Conjunctivitis
-Soft palate petechiae (Forchheimer sign)
-Children: symptoms 3-8 days, Low grade fever, Lymphadenopathy (postcervical, occipital, postauricular)
-if pregnant birth defects
Rubella (german meseals)
-HHV 3
-2-4mm red papule that develops an irregular outline (“rose petal”) with thin-walled clear vesicles appears on the surface (“dew drops”)
-Cluster of vesicles on an erythematous base
-Begins on trunk and spreads to face and extremities
-Prodome-low grade Fever, Malaise, Anorexia, Headache
varicella
-reactivated Varicella Virus
Painful, burning, tingling rash
Follows Dermatomal pattern
The rash is usually a single stripe of vesicles
Herpes Zoster (shingles)
-HSV 6,7
-High fever (104F)
3-5 days
Rhinorrhea, Cough
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Lymphadenopathy
After Fever: Maculopapular Rash
-Rose-pink macules and/or papules that blanch
- trunk then to face!!!
Roseola (6ths)
Reye syndrome
caused by The use of aspirin (salicylates) in children with varicella infection
-a rare but serious condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain.
neonatal varicella infection
When a pregnant woman develops varicella in the third trimester, especially within 5 days before to 2 days after delivery
-high risk ,This can be life-threatening for the newborn due to the lack of maternal antibodies and an immature immune system.
Pilonidal Disease
rf:Obesity
Prolonged sitting
Hirsutism
Male>Female (3:1)
Young adults, peak 16-20
tx:incision and drainage under local anesthesia
Wound is cleaned (hair and debris removal) and packed with gauze
Antibiotics are necessary only if there is evidence of cellulitis or the patient is immunocompromised
chronic, recurrent, painful deep-seated nodules, abscesses, draining sinus tracts and scars.
-Commonly: Axillae and inguinal folds, Sub mammary folds,Perineal area, buttocks, mons pubis, Scalp, postauricular area, Back
-rf: after puberty and more often in females with flare-ups associated with menses
Obesity
Smoking
Tight fitting clothing
Certain autosomal dominant gene mutations
- recurrent nodules, draining sinus tracts, and progressive scarring in typical locations such as the axillae and groin. It significantly impacts quality of life.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
