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Finals > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

ABPI > what for compression bandaging?

A

>0.8

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2
Q

Management of venous ulceration?

A

Emollients, and compression bandaging if abpi adequate

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3
Q

Pain management in venous ulcers, what not to use?

A

Do not use nsaid as impairs healing! Paracetamol and codein helpful and leg elevation

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4
Q

What is this?

A

Lipodermatosclerosis

inflammation of the subcutaneous fat causing fibrosis, and hard, tight skin which may be red or brown.

Champagne bottle legs

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5
Q

What is this?

Risk factors?

Treatment?

A

Venous eczema

Standing for long periods, past DVT, varicose veins

Emollients ABX if needed steroids for flares and compression stocking if ABPI above 0.8

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6
Q

Diagnosis of eczema, most likely symptoms/history?

A

The presence of itching

Starts in infancy

History of Atopy

In adults often hands, longstanding disease affects flexures usually

Chronic causes thickened skin

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7
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Eczema probably adult due to hands

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8
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Eczema- flexural

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9
Q

Moderately potent steroid cream?

A

betamethasone valerate 0.025%

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10
Q

Eczema treatment in general?

A

Stepwise approahc always emollients even when skin is clear

Steroids depending on the severity calcineurin inhibitors on specialsit advice

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11
Q

Trauma to the skin and then development of itchy scaly area?

A

Psoriasis can occur in 20% of people with psoriasis trauma or insect bites

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12
Q

Drugs causing or exacerbating psoriasis?

A

lithium, antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine, beta-blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

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13
Q

URTI and then droplet scaly lesions appear?

A

Guttate psoriasis can also be an exacerbation of chronic plaques

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14
Q

Nail symptoms with psoriasis?

A

Common with psoriatic arhtritis

Pitting

discoloured-oil drop

nail bed hyperproliferation

onycholysis-nail bed away from the nail

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15
Q

Diagnosis? Treatment?

A

Eczema herpeticum

Aciclovir and referall to hospital especially in young kids

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16
Q

Important things to consider when using accutane?

A

teratogenic, mood disorders, very dry skin(esp lips)

Measure LFTYs and cholesterol/triglycerides

Try and avoid ETOH

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17
Q

Systemic treatments for psoriasis?

A

Methoterexate, acetritin ciclosporin

UVB/PUVA light therapy

Then biologics

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18
Q

Risks for BCC?

A

–Sun

–Age

–Prev BCC

–Type 1 skin

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19
Q

Features of BCC?

A
  • Pearly
  • Papular
  • Bleeds regularly
  • Peripheral telangectasia
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20
Q

What margin size for BCC excision?

A

4mm also for SCC too

21
Q

Risks for SCC and what is a precursor?

A

Age, Sun, Type 1 skin, Previous Ak, Smoking

Actinic keratosis is a precursor

22
Q

SCC features/presentation?

A

indurated nodular keratinising or crusted tumour that may ulcerate

often present on head and neck

23
Q

7 points for checklist of skin cancer?

A

Major

Change in size

Irregular shape

Irregular colour.

Minor

Largest diameter 7 mm or more

Inflammation

Oozing

Change in sensation

24
Q

BCC referall urgency?

A

Usually routine unless a good reason not to be

25
Q

Primary treatment of actinic keratosis?

A

cryotheraoy, but can use imiquimod or 5FU

26
Q

What is this? Complications?

A

Actinic keratosis, possible transformation in to scc

27
Q

Diagnosis?

A

SCC

28
Q

Diagnosis?

A

SCC

29
Q

Solar (actinic) keratosis?

Stages of development?

Where found?

A

Usually single spot feels like sandpaper initially

then multiple plaques red and scaly

eventually thick and hyperkarotic

Usually found on head, face, ears scalp back of hands

30
Q

Treatments of keloid scar?

A

Local steroids and rarely excision

31
Q

Risk for keloid?

A

Hx trauma, Fhx of scarring, darker skinned

32
Q

Spot diagnosis?

Features?

A

kaposis sarcoma- maligancy AIDS defining

Can affect mucosa, Usually painless unless inflamed

Lesions can ulkcerate- respirastory involment common

33
Q

Excoriations between fingers? ++Itchy

Treatment?

A

Scabies

permethrin 5%

or malathion 0.5%

Keep on for 8-12hrs repeat after 7 days pruritis may continue for a while

34
Q

Diagnosis why?

A

Nodular BCC, pearly and rolled edges

35
Q

Where would you use MOHS surgery?

A

Sensitive areas such as face eyes and ears

36
Q

A-E of melanoma?

A

A Asymmetry
B Border irregularity
C Colour variation
D Diameter over 6 mm
E Evolving (enlarging, changing)

37
Q

Diagnosis?

How common?

A

Superficial spreading melanoma

most common

38
Q

What is used to assess severity of melanoma?

A

Breslow thickness

39
Q

Initial treatment of melanoma?

A

Wide local excision- Margins depend on thickness and size of melanoma

40
Q

Biopsy of kaposi shows?

A

Spindle cells

41
Q

What is this? Associations?

A

Pyoderma ganrenosum assoc with IBD and RA

42
Q

Pyoderma gangrenosum treatment?

A

Steroids topicalfor small ulcer and systemic for big

43
Q

later deep, red, necrotic ulcers with a violaceous border buzz word for?

A

Pyoderma- may have immunosupression/immune condition

not usually caused by diabetes

44
Q

What is this what may be an underlying condition?

A

Erythemaq nodosum

IBD, SLE, sarcoid, strep infection

45
Q

Venous ulcer features?

Where?

A

features of venous insufficiency (previous DVT/Veins)

Usually above medial malleoulus, painless, illdefined border

mange with compression bandages and emollient if ABPI >0.8

46
Q

Multiple target lesions?

Causes?

A

Erythema multiforme

infection- mycoplasma, EBV, Anti tnf/NSAIDS

47
Q

1st line for bowens disease treatment?

A

Cryotherapy or curretage

or 5FU or imiquimod

48
Q

Risk of what increased in psoriasis?

A

CVD

Finals (16 decks)

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