Derm 4 - Inflammatory skin conditions Flashcards
Which chronic inflammatory skin disorders follow a relapsing and remitting course?
- Eczema
- Psoriasis
- Acne
What is the most common type of eczema?
Atopic eczema
Which chronic inflammatory skin condition is characterised by papule and vesicles on an erythematous base?
Atopic eczema
Name some triggers for atopic eczema:
- Infection
- Chemicals
- Food
- Dust
- Pet fur
- Sweating
- Heat
- Stress
What commonly presents as itchy, scaly dry erythematous patches, on flexor aspects of limbs?
Atopic eczema
Where does atopic eczema commonly affect the body in infants and adults?
Infants - Face and extensor aspects of limbs
Children/adults - Flexor aspects of limbs
Chronic scratching/ rubbing of atopic eczema can lead to what skin changes?
Excoriation
Lichenification
How would you treat mild atopic eczema?
- Trigger avoidance
- Freq emollients
- Soap substitute
- Topical hydrocortisone
How would you treat severe atopic eczema with secondary bacterial infections?
- Trigger avoidance
- Freq emollients
- Soap substitute
- Topical betamethasone
- Flucloxacillin
Which topical immunomodulators can be used as steroid-sparing agents in atopic eczema?
- Tacrolimus
- Pimecrolimus
What treatment can you try for severe non-responsive cases of atopic eczema?
- Phototherapy
- Immunosuppressants: oral prednisolone, azathioprine, ciclosporin
Name the complication of atopic eczema caused by infection of herpes simplex virus:
Eczema herpeticum
What is the ladder of topical steroid therapy for atopic eczema?
Mild - hydrocortisone
Mod - Clobetasone
Potent - Betamethasone
V potent - Clobetasol
Name the inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous follicles:
Acne vulgaris
What is the cause of acne vulgaris?
Androgens
What kind of acne is described as non-inflammatory lesions with open and closed comedones?
Mild acne vulgaris
What kind of acne is described as inflammatory lesions with papule, pustules, nodules and cysts?
Mod/severe acne vulgaris
What are the topical therapies for acne vulgaris?
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Abx - Erythromycin
- Retinoids - Tretinoin
What are the oral therapies for acne vulgaris?
- Abx - Tetracyline
- Anti-androgens - Co-cyprindiol
- Retinoids - Isotretinoin
Name some complications of acne vulgaris:
- Scarring
- Hyperpigmentation
- Deformity
- Physiological and social effects
What condition is benzoyl peroxide used in?
Acne vulgaris
Which antibiotics are usually used for acne vulgaris?
Topical - Erythromycin
Oral - Tetracycline
A chronic inflammatory skin condition due to hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration…
Psoriasis
Name the 6 types of psoriasis:
- Plaque
- Guttate
- Sebhorrheic
- Flexural
- Pustular
- Erythrodermic
What is the most common type of psoriasis?
Chronic plaque psoriasis
How does plaque psoriasis present?
- Well-demarcated erythematous plaques with silvery scales
- Itchy, burning, painful
- Extensor surfaces (of children/adults)
What nail changes are associated with psoriasis?
- Oncholysis
- Nail pitting
What are some features of psoriatic arthritis?
- Joint pain and stiffness
- Dactylitis
- Spondylitis
- Achilles tendonitis
- Enthesitis
- Uveitis
List some topical therapies for psoriasis:
- Emollients
- Vitamin D analogues
- Topical corticosteroids: hydrocortisone
- Coal tar preparations
- Dithranol
- Topical retinoids: Tretinoin
- Keratolytics: salicylic acid
- Scalp preparations
What treatments are available for extensive severe psoriasis?
- Phototherapy
- Oral immunomodulators: Methotrexate, ciclosporin, mycophenolate mofetil
- Oral retinoids: Isotretinoin
- Biologicals: Infliximab, Etanercept, Efalizumab
What are the complications of psoriasis?
- Erythoderma
- Psychological and social effects
