Derm 3 - Skin cancers Flashcards
Name the most common malignant skin cancer:
Basal cell carcinoma
A slow-growing locally invasive malignant tumour of epidermal keratinocytes…?
Basal cell carcinoma
Name some risk factors for basal cell carcinoma:
- UV exposure
- Hx freq/severe sunburn in childhood
- Skin type I - always burns, never tans
- ^ age
- ^M:F
- Immunosuppression
- Prev hx of skin cancer
- FH
Nodular, plaque-like, cystic, sclerosis, keratitis and pigmented are all types of which skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
What is the most common type of basal cell carcinoma? Describe it:
Nodular:
Small, skin-coloured nodule with surface telangiectasia, a pearly rolled edge, and may have a necrotic or ulcerated centre.
Where do basal cell carcinomas usually occur?
- Head and neck
What is the treatment of choice for a basal cell carcinoma?
Surgical excision
A locally invasive malignant tumour of the epidermal keratinacytes…
Squamous cell carcinoma
What are the risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma?
- Excessive UV exposure
- Pre-malignant skin conditions - actinic keratoses
- Chronic inflammation - leg ulcers
- Immunosuppression
- FH
A keratotic (scaly, crusty) ill-defined nodule which may ulcerate…
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is the treatment of choice for squamous cell carcinomas?
Surgical excision
Describe the ABCDE approach to melanomas:
Asymmetric shape Border irregularity Colour irregularity Diameter > 6mm Evolution
An invasive malignant tumour of epidermal melanocytes…
Malignant melanoma
Name some risk factors of malignant melanoma:
- Excessive UV exposure
- Skin type I - always burns, never tans
- Hx of multiple moles or atypical moles
- FH
- Prev hx melanoma
What are the different types of melanoma?
- Superficial spreading - common on lower limbs
- Nodular - common on trunk
- Lentigo maligna - common on face in elderly
- Acral lentinginous - common on palms, soles, nail beds
