DERM Flashcards

1
Q

shingles mx

A

Infectious until vesicles have healed over
Simple analgesia
Antivirals within 72hr

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2
Q

Features of stevens johnson syndrome

A

.the rash is typically maculopapular with target lesions being characteristic

may develop into vesicles or bullae

Nikolsky signis positive in erythematous areas - blisters and erosions appear when the skin is rubbed gently

mucosal involvement

systemic symptoms: fever, arthralgia

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3
Q

Medicines causing erythema nodosum

A

penicillins

sulphonamides

combined oral contraceptive pill

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4
Q

Causes of spider naevi

A

liver disease

pregnancy

combined oral contraceptive pill

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5
Q

Features of lichen planus vs sclerosis

A

planus:purple,pruritic,papular,polygonal rash on flexor surfaces. Wickham’s striae over surface. Oral involvement common

sclerosus: itchy white spots typically seen on the vulva of elderly women

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6
Q

Erythema nodosum f eatveres

A

symmetrical, erythematous, tender, nodules which heal without scarring

most common causes are streptococcal infections, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease and drugs (penicillins, sulphonamides, oral contraceptive pill)

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7
Q

Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum features

A

shiny, painless areas of yellow/red skin typically on the shin of diabetics

often associated with telangiectasia

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8
Q

What is Bullous
Pemphigoid?

A

autoimmune condition causing sub-epidermal blistering of the skin. This is secondary to the development of antibodies against hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 and BP230.

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9
Q

How does Bullous
Pemphigaid
present?

A

itchy, tense blisters typically around flexures

the blisters usually heal without scarring

no mucosal
involvement

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10
Q

Bullous
Pempligoid
skin biopsy
shows?

A

immunoflorescence lst D C3 at dernmo epidermal
juncker

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11
Q

Bulloas
pemphigord
rex?

A

Steroids
derm ref

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12
Q

Rosacea
mx

A

Erythema/flushing → topical brimonidine gel
Mild/mod papules or pustules: topical ivermectin
Mod/severe papules/pustules: topical ivermectin and oral doxy
Laser therapy for rhinophyma or prominent telangdctasia

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13
Q

Chronic plaque psoriasis mx

A
  1. top steroid and calcipotriol
  2. top calcipotriol BD
  3. Steroid BD
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14
Q

Acne Mx

A
  1. topical combo
  2. topical tX and oral ly mecycline or doxy
    3.oral retinoid
    C hasto be
    derm)
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15
Q

Erythema nodosum features

A

inflammation of subcutaneous fat
typically causes tender, erythematous, nodular lesions
usually occurs over shins, may also occur elsewhere (e.g. forearms, thighs)
usually resolves within 6 weeks
lesions heal without scarring

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16
Q

Causes if erythema nodosum

A

infection
streptococci
tuberculosis
brucellosis
systemic disease
sarcoidosis
inflammatory bowel disease
Behcet’s
malignancy/lymphoma
drugs
penicillins
sulphonamides
combined oral contraceptive pill
pregnancy

17
Q

Chronic plaque psoriasis secondary care mx option of choice

A

Oral methotrexate is first line,maprticuarky if associated joint disease

UVB light 3x weekly

18
Q

Scalp psoriasis management

A

potent topical corticosteroids used once daily for 4 weeks

19
Q

Face flexural and genital psoriasis mx

A

mild or moderate potency corticosteroid applied once or twice daily for a maximum of 2 weeks

20
Q

Eczema herpetivum

A

severe primary infection of the skin by herpes simplex virus 1 or 2.
more commonly seen in children with atopic eczema
monomorphic punched-out erosions (circular, depressed, ulcerated lesions) usually 1–3 mm in diameter are typically seen.

As it is potentially life-threatening children should be admitted for IV aciclovir.

21
Q

What is vitaligo

A

autoimmune condition which results in the loss of melanocytes and consequent depigmentation of the skin. It is thought to affect around 1% of the population and symptoms typically develop by the age of 20-30 years.

Associated conditions
type 1 diabetes mellitus
Addison’s disease
autoimmune thyroid disorders
pernicious anaemia
alopecia areata

22
Q

Management of vitaligo

A

sunblock for affected areas of skin
camouflage make-up
topical corticosteroids may reverse the changes if applied early
there may also be a role for topical tacrolimus and phototherapy, although caution needs to be exercised with light-skinned patients

23
Q

What is ballous pamphgoid

A

Or to immune blistering disorder that primarily affects the elderly
Tense blisters on the skin.
No mucosal involvement.

24
Q

whatis pemphigus vulgaris

A

mucosal involvement
blisters and erosions involving both the skin and mucous membranes

25
EpidermoIysis Bullosa
fragility and blister formation in response to minor trauma at birth or during early childhood,
26
Actinic keratosis vs bowens
Actinic keratoses may develop on any sun-exposed area, not just the forehead and temple. Bowen's disease tends to be isolated and well demarcated.
27
Exacerbating factors for psoriasis
trauma alcohol drugs: beta blockers, lithium, antimalarials (chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine), NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors, infliximab withdrawal of systemic steroids