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Clin Med > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

MCC of follibulitis

A

S aureus

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2
Q

what derm dx is triggered by heat and alcohol?

A

rosacea

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3
Q

topicals for rosacea (2)

A

metronidazole, azelaic acid

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4
Q

ask about a hx of what infx in erythema multiforme

A

HSV

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5
Q

MC drugs/classes causing SJS (4)

A

allopurinol, bactrim, anticonvulsants, oxicam NSAIDs

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6
Q

TEN has >____% of body surface area involved

A

30

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7
Q

3 conditions w/ + Nikolsky’s sign

A

SJS/TEN, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, pemhigus

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8
Q

dx? well-circumscribed round or oval 2-4cm patches of hair loss with smooth skin. Periphery might have fractured exclamation point hairs. Acute onset

A

alopecia areata

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9
Q

1st line tx for androgenic alopecia

A

minoxidil 5%

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10
Q

androgenic alopecia 2nd line tx for M; for F

A

2) finasteride 1mg PO daily (men only), 2b) spironolactone 50-100mg Qd (women)

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11
Q

1st line tx for alopecia areata

A

potent topical corticosteroids (clobetasol 0.05% bid)

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12
Q

1st line tx for onychomycosis

A

PO terbinafine

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13
Q

req monitoring for PO antifungals like terbinafine

A

LFTs

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14
Q

cause of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

A

parvovirus B19

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15
Q

cause of hand-foot-and-mouth disease

A

coxsackievirus

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16
Q

3 Cs of measles

A

cough, coryza, conjunctivitis

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17
Q

where does measles rash begin?

A

head

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18
Q

pathognomonic finding in measles

A

Koplik’s spots (gray-white papules on red base

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19
Q

tx for mild cellulitis

A

keflex

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20
Q

4 thing to ask about to determine if cellulitis has MRSA risk

A

Consider MRSA if recent hospitalisation/ surgery, residence in assisted living, hemodialysis, HIV

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21
Q

cause of erisyipelas

A

S pyogenes (=group A strep)

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22
Q

tx for erisypelas

A

penicillin VK

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23
Q

2 MC pathogens of impetigo

A

MSSA, s pyogenes

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24
Q

tx for impetigo

A

topical mupirocin bid or tid

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25
Q

for suspected candidiasis, ask about what 3 PMH

A

DM/immunocompromise, preg, recent abx/steroid use

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26
Q

cause of tinea versicolor

A

malassezia furfur

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27
Q

difference in tx b/w tinea capita and tinea cruris

A

capita must have a PO antifungal. other locs are topical

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28
Q

1st line tx for tinea versicolor

A

selenium sulfide 2.5% left on for 15 min and rinsed x7d

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29
Q

how long for tinea versicolor to repigment

A

6-12 wks

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30
Q

1st line tx for hair lice

A

permethrin 1% cream rinse and nit combing

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31
Q

pruritis from scabies is worse when?

A

at night

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32
Q

1st line tx for scabies

A

Permethrin cream 5% applied to entire body surface, incl face and under nails, wash off next morning

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33
Q

MC pathogens causing condyloma acuminatum (genital warts)

A

HPV 6, 11

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34
Q

besides cervical CA, HPV causes most ___ and ___ CA

A

OP, anal

35
Q

4 topical options for genital warts

A

Veregen (sinecatechins) ointment, imiquimod, Podofilox. TCA

36
Q

tx for recurrent herpes labialis

A

valacylovir 2g bid x1d

37
Q

tx for 1st outbreak of genital HSV

A

valacyclovir; first episode 1g bid x10d. Or acyclovir 800mg PO bid X 5d

38
Q

tx for recurrent genital HSV

A

valacyclovir 500mg bid x3d;

39
Q

cause of molluscum

A

poxvirus

40
Q

molluscum topical tx options (2)

A

cantharidin, podofilox

41
Q

shingles lesion on tip of nose is called _______. must do what?

A

refer to opthamology if hutchinson’s sign (lesion on tip of nose) is present.

42
Q

tx (2) for shingles and timeframe

A

HZ: 1) antivirals (valacyclovir 1g tid x7-10d) w/in 72 hrs of rash appearance, 2) pain med (analgesics)

43
Q

for varicella, treat if (3)

A

Severe in 12 or older <24 hours from rash onset
IMC, preg

44
Q

for shingles pt, counsel them to avoid contact with what 3 categories of people

A

HZ should avoid pregnant, unvaxed kids, immunocompromised

45
Q

cause of warts

A

HPV 1-4

46
Q

main difference between wart and corn

A

wart obliterates skin lines. in corn, can see skin cleavage lines

47
Q

untreated AK can become ____

A

SCC

48
Q

tx for a few AKs

A

cryo

49
Q

tx for lots of AKs

A

topical chemo (effudex/5-FU)

50
Q

MC site for BCC

A

nose

51
Q

pink spot on face with a rolled border and telangiectasias

A

BCC

52
Q

tx for BCC on face

A

refer to derm! can do mohs

53
Q

MC skin CA

A

BCC

54
Q

raised pink lesion on face w/ firm borders that bleeds easily and has scaling

A

SCC

55
Q

MC type of melanoma

A

superficial spreading

56
Q

melanoma prognosis is related to _____ of lesion

A

depth

57
Q

poison ivy is what type of contact dermatitis

A

allergic

58
Q

tx for poison ivy

A

high to very high potency topical corticosteroids

59
Q

2 tx for eczema

A

emollients and topical med-high steroids

60
Q

ask about what drugs/categories for drug eruption (7)

A

allopurinol (Zyloprim), antibiotics (penicillin, cephalosporins, sulfonamides), anticonvulsants, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, hypoglycemics, and thiazide diuretics.

61
Q

6 Ps of lichen planus

A

6 P’s (pruritic, planar, polygonal, purple papules and plaques);

62
Q

1st line tx for lichen planus

A

High potency topical steroids (clobetasol, fluocinonide)

63
Q

pityriasis rosea
should resolve on its own w/in _____

A

8 wks

64
Q

psoriasis is MC on what areas

A

extensor surfaces

65
Q

psoriasis can show what 3 things in nails

A

pitting, onycholysis, oil spots)

66
Q

skin trauma incites more psoriasis

A

Koebner phenomenon

67
Q

peeling back scale of psoriasis causes pinpoint bleeding

A

auspitz sign

68
Q

3 topicals to consider for mild psoriasis

A

steroids, vit D analogs, calcineurin inhibitors, retinoids

69
Q

1st line tx for melasma

A

hydroquinone 4% prescription strength; sunscreen 30+

70
Q

only preg safe tx for melasma

A

azelaic acid

71
Q

3 topical tx options for vitiligo

A

Corticosteroids, Tacrolimus (calcineurin inhibitor), Vitamin D

72
Q

besides addressing the underlying problem, what 2 things can help pt w/ stasis dermatitis?

A

compression stockings, leg elevation

73
Q

test to order for pemphigoid / pemphigus

A

Direct immunofluorescence of punch biopsy

74
Q

which has a + Nikolsky’s sign: pemphigoid / pemphigus

A

pemphigus

75
Q

which is more serious: pemphigoid / pemphigus

A

pemphigus

76
Q

acanthosis nigricans
is ASW what problem?

A

insulin resistance

77
Q

sudden onset of malignant acanthosis nigricans MC ASW malignancy where?

A

GI tract

78
Q

2 topical options for acanthosis nigricans

A

retinoids, vitamin D analogs

79
Q

when to give abx in pilonidal dz (2)

A

sig cellulitis or immunodeficiency

80
Q

MCC of angioedema

A

ACE-i

81
Q

close animal or human bites?

A

no

82
Q

tx for human and animal bites

A

augmentin

83
Q

puncture wound that happened in fresh water. give _____

A

keflex + levofloxacin

84
Q

MC CC in pemphigoid

A

pruritis

Clin Med (14 decks)

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