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Clin Med > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

MCC of follibulitis

A

S aureus

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2
Q

what derm dx is triggered by heat and alcohol?

A

rosacea

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3
Q

topicals for rosacea (2)

A

metronidazole, azelaic acid

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4
Q

ask about a hx of what infx in erythema multiforme

A

HSV

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5
Q

MC drugs/classes causing SJS (4)

A

allopurinol, bactrim, anticonvulsants, oxicam NSAIDs

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6
Q

TEN has >____% of body surface area involved

A

30

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7
Q

3 conditions w/ + Nikolsky’s sign

A

SJS/TEN, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, pemhigus

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8
Q

dx? well-circumscribed round or oval 2-4cm patches of hair loss with smooth skin. Periphery might have fractured exclamation point hairs. Acute onset

A

alopecia areata

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9
Q

1st line tx for androgenic alopecia

A

minoxidil 5%

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10
Q

androgenic alopecia 2nd line tx for M; for F

A

2) finasteride 1mg PO daily (men only), 2b) spironolactone 50-100mg Qd (women)

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11
Q

1st line tx for alopecia areata

A

potent topical corticosteroids (clobetasol 0.05% bid)

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12
Q

1st line tx for onychomycosis

A

PO terbinafine

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13
Q

req monitoring for PO antifungals like terbinafine

A

LFTs

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14
Q

cause of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

A

parvovirus B19

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15
Q

cause of hand-foot-and-mouth disease

A

coxsackievirus

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16
Q

3 Cs of measles

A

cough, coryza, conjunctivitis

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17
Q

where does measles rash begin?

A

head

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18
Q

pathognomonic finding in measles

A

Koplik’s spots (gray-white papules on red base

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19
Q

tx for mild cellulitis

A

keflex

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20
Q

4 thing to ask about to determine if cellulitis has MRSA risk

A

Consider MRSA if recent hospitalisation/ surgery, residence in assisted living, hemodialysis, HIV

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21
Q

cause of erisyipelas

A

S pyogenes (=group A strep)

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22
Q

tx for erisypelas

A

penicillin VK

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23
Q

2 MC pathogens of impetigo

A

MSSA, s pyogenes

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24
Q

tx for impetigo

A

topical mupirocin bid or tid

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25
for suspected candidiasis, ask about what 3 PMH
DM/immunocompromise, preg, recent abx/steroid use
26
cause of tinea versicolor
malassezia furfur
27
difference in tx b/w tinea capita and tinea cruris
capita must have a PO antifungal. other locs are topical
28
1st line tx for tinea versicolor
selenium sulfide 2.5% left on for 15 min and rinsed x7d
29
how long for tinea versicolor to repigment
6-12 wks
30
1st line tx for hair lice
permethrin 1% cream rinse and nit combing
31
pruritis from scabies is worse when?
at night
32
1st line tx for scabies
Permethrin cream 5% applied to entire body surface, incl face and under nails, wash off next morning
33
MC pathogens causing condyloma acuminatum (genital warts)
HPV 6, 11
34
besides cervical CA, HPV causes most ___ and ___ CA
OP, anal
35
4 topical options for genital warts
Veregen (sinecatechins) ointment, imiquimod, Podofilox. TCA
36
tx for recurrent herpes labialis
valacylovir 2g bid x1d
37
tx for 1st outbreak of genital HSV
valacyclovir; first episode 1g bid x10d. Or acyclovir 800mg PO bid X 5d
38
tx for recurrent genital HSV
valacyclovir 500mg bid x3d;
39
cause of molluscum
poxvirus
40
molluscum topical tx options (2)
cantharidin, podofilox
41
shingles lesion on tip of nose is called _______. must do what?
refer to opthamology if hutchinson's sign (lesion on tip of nose) is present.
42
tx (2) for shingles and timeframe
HZ: 1) antivirals (valacyclovir 1g tid x7-10d) w/in 72 hrs of rash appearance, 2) pain med (analgesics)
43
for varicella, treat if (3)
Severe in 12 or older <24 hours from rash onset IMC, preg
44
for shingles pt, counsel them to avoid contact with what 3 categories of people
HZ should avoid pregnant, unvaxed kids, immunocompromised
45
cause of warts
HPV 1-4
46
main difference between wart and corn
wart obliterates skin lines. in corn, can see skin cleavage lines
47
untreated AK can become ____
SCC
48
tx for a few AKs
cryo
49
tx for lots of AKs
topical chemo (effudex/5-FU)
50
MC site for BCC
nose
51
pink spot on face with a rolled border and telangiectasias
BCC
52
tx for BCC on face
refer to derm! can do mohs
53
MC skin CA
BCC
54
raised pink lesion on face w/ firm borders that bleeds easily and has scaling
SCC
55
MC type of melanoma
superficial spreading
56
melanoma prognosis is related to _____ of lesion
depth
57
poison ivy is what type of contact dermatitis
allergic
58
tx for poison ivy
high to very high potency topical corticosteroids
59
2 tx for eczema
emollients and topical med-high steroids
60
ask about what drugs/categories for drug eruption (7)
allopurinol (Zyloprim), antibiotics (penicillin, cephalosporins, sulfonamides), anticonvulsants, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, hypoglycemics, and thiazide diuretics.
61
6 Ps of lichen planus
6 P's (pruritic, planar, polygonal, purple papules and plaques);
62
1st line tx for lichen planus
High potency topical steroids (clobetasol, fluocinonide)
63
pityriasis rosea should resolve on its own w/in _____
8 wks
64
psoriasis is MC on what areas
extensor surfaces
65
psoriasis can show what 3 things in nails
pitting, onycholysis, oil spots)
66
skin trauma incites more psoriasis
Koebner phenomenon
67
peeling back scale of psoriasis causes pinpoint bleeding
auspitz sign
68
3 topicals to consider for mild psoriasis
steroids, vit D analogs, calcineurin inhibitors, retinoids
69
1st line tx for melasma
hydroquinone 4% prescription strength; sunscreen 30+
70
only preg safe tx for melasma
azelaic acid
71
3 topical tx options for vitiligo
Corticosteroids, Tacrolimus (calcineurin inhibitor), Vitamin D
72
besides addressing the underlying problem, what 2 things can help pt w/ stasis dermatitis?
compression stockings, leg elevation
73
test to order for pemphigoid / pemphigus
Direct immunofluorescence of punch biopsy
74
which has a + Nikolsky's sign: pemphigoid / pemphigus
pemphigus
75
which is more serious: pemphigoid / pemphigus
pemphigus
76
acanthosis nigricans is ASW what problem?
insulin resistance
77
sudden onset of malignant acanthosis nigricans MC ASW malignancy where?
GI tract
78
2 topical options for acanthosis nigricans
retinoids, vitamin D analogs
79
when to give abx in pilonidal dz (2)
sig cellulitis or immunodeficiency
80
MCC of angioedema
ACE-i
81
close animal or human bites?
no
82
tx for human and animal bites
augmentin
83
puncture wound that happened in fresh water. give _____
keflex + levofloxacin
84
MC CC in pemphigoid
pruritis

Clin Med (14 decks)

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