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Derm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

BMI underweight is less than

A

18

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2
Q

BMI normal range is

A

18-25

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3
Q

BMI overweight is

A

25-30

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4
Q

BMI obese is

A

30-40

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5
Q

BMI morbidly obese is

A

40+

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6
Q

a group of risk factors that increase risk for Cardiovacular disease

A

metabolic syndrome

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7
Q

in metabolic syndrome is……..high or low hdl

A

low

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8
Q

triglycerides high or low

A

high

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9
Q

total cholesterol is normal upto what value

A

150

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10
Q

what value is borderline diabetes during FBS/FBG

A

100-125

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11
Q

what is the normal range for a1c?

A

less than 5.6%

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12
Q

what is the prediabetic range for a1c

A

5.7-6.4%

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13
Q

risk factors for skin cancer

A

blue eyes, fair skin, UV rays, irish ancestry, freckles, burns easily, tanning booths, presence of dysplastic nevi.

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14
Q

what of the three is the least metastasizing?

A

basal cell

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15
Q

is a scar is changing it could be which skin cancer

A

squamos cell carcinoma

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16
Q

lesions bigger or smaller than what cm are considered large or small?

A

2cm

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17
Q

how do we remove nevi

A

excision

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18
Q

the usual treatment for basal cell is to…

A

leave it alone, it wont like metastasize. But still a possibility. Aldera may help, a wart remover cream.

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19
Q

What are the two types of keratosis (horny growth to the skin)

A

actinic (solar)

seborrheic (excess sebum production, oily)

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20
Q

Actinic keratosis can often develop into what cancer

A

SCC

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21
Q

Stucco Seborrheic keratosis are at risk for what cancer?

A

none, they are benign

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22
Q

Random stucco keratosis lesion appearing on the back over 3 months who signify a malignancy where else?

A

GI tract (who knew)

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23
Q

what two organ disease can cause itchiness

A

kidney and liver disease

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24
Q

what labs are drawn for systemic derm suspicion

A

CBC, CMP, LFT, TSH

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25
a patient with yellow eyes may have jaundice, and could also be the result of?
medicines, antifungals, herbs. | check for HEP, liver disease
26
topical steroids can do what sometimes to dark skinned people
lighten the skin
27
topical steroids generally have what side effect
thinning of the skin
28
what 3 pathologies can cause erythema nodosum
1. TB 2. Lupus 3. Birth control
29
A young female walks in your clinic with red areas of the shin who denies being on any meds...why?
she doesnt think that birth control is a medication. you have to be specific!
30
steroid ointment vs. cream....which one has a higher potency given the same dosage of each tube?
ointment
31
in a normal healthy human, a PPD can read upto what mm?
15mm
32
someone with a PPD who has had close contact to TB/HIV patients become positive at what value?
5mm
33
predisposition to eczema is called?
atopy
34
you are borderline diabetic, and by minimizing your obesity you have reduce the risk of diabetes by how much in 5 years
52%
35
darker areas of dark skinned people are called?
Acanthosis nigricans
36
what is interigo
folds in the skin that contact each other
37
without jaundice
anicteric
38
skin changes due to the sun
actinic changes
39
stuck on lesions, that are raised and flat (not plaques or papules)
stucco keratosis
40
tiny red benign blisters on the skin from small erupted blood vessels
scenile angioma
41
an immunocompromised individual with intractable itching after foreign travel, who develops crusting erosions likely has
crusted scabies | they usually lay 8-10 eggs in the fingernails, this guy has 1000's under the crusts
42
how would you treat crusted scabies?
premetherin cream
43
what do we treat contact/allergic dermatis with?
mupirocen, or neospoin (steroid in case of impetigo)
44
how can staph be introduced into patients with dermatitis
itching from fingernails
45
what is delayed hypersensetivity
in allergic manifestations, every subsequent exposure can get worse
46
where does atopic dermatitis typically manifest
behind the knees
47
what is a common associated pathology with atopic dermatitis that can be discovered in the history?
family history of asthma or allergy
48
what is the tx for atopic derm
emollient, and limit bathing
49
what are two complication of atopic dermatitis
MRSA and Eczema Herpeticum
50
How does seborrheic dermatitis present?
greasy facial scales
51
what is the cause?
unsure if fungus causing inflammation or other way around
52
what is the tx for seborrheic dermatitis
antifungals like ketoconazole, selsun blue, or a mild steroid
53
how can babies aquire seborrheic dermatitis?
cradle cap
54
what is the tx for cradle cap
shampoo or mineral oil to loosen scales, clean with soft toothbrush.
55
if you see a babies groin with erthmatic maculopapular lesions and satellite lesions, what is it?
Diaper dermatitis | likely fungal, could be from diaper irritation
56
tx for diaper dermatitis?
first apply antifungal, than barrier cream
57
what should you be thinking in refractory diaper dermatitis?
systemic disease
58
what is dyshydrotic eczema?
itch to the lateral aspect of the hand (nurse comes to you who wears gloves alot)
59
what is the tx for dyshydrotic eczema?
steroid cream (remember...ointments are stronger in the same dose)
60
what clinical manifestations help us dx venous stasis dermatitis?
afebrile, bilateral, varicosities, hyperpigmentation, (cellulitis would likely have fever and be unilateral)
61
what is the tx for VS dermatitis?
Unna boot, elevation, and a steroid....DO NOT GIVE ANTIBIOTICS, you can cause a stasis ulcer.
62
what are the 4 P's in lichen planus
polygonal, pruritic, papular, purple
63
what two additional presentations clue in to lichen planus?
wickams striae, and koebner phenomenon
64
what would the differential be if you did not see wickams striae, but saw all the 4 p's?
Lichenoid drug reaction (no mucosal involvement)
65
what are 2 risk factors for lichen plaus?
Liver disease, and hep c
66
tx for lichen planus
topic and/or systemic steroids, immunosuppressants (check to TB with Quantiferon test, better than the PPD)
67
this disease comes from chronicly thickened itchy skin they think is caused by emotions?
lichen simplex chronicus
68
what is the treatment for Lichen simplex chronicus
soak in warm water, then seal in that moisture with a steroid cream (can be recalcitrant)
69
`what disease shows spontaneous pruiritic circular pathes to the trunk and the lower extremities?
Nummular dermatitis
70
tx for nummular dermatitis?
potent steroid, and emollient after bathing
71
what dermatological manifestation occurs from gluten sensetivity (celiacs)?
Dermatitis Herpetiformis (its not herpetic)
72
what is the typical psoriasis called?
plaque psoriasis
73
where does plaque psoriasis typically manifest?
nails, elbows, head, knees, lower back, belly button, etc.
74
what medications in addition to stress and infection can induce psoriasis?
Lithium and Beta Blockers
75
where does psoriatic arthritis occur, a complication of plaque psoriasis?
the nail and distal phalanges
76
this psoriasis shows small droplike scale plaques, common in peds
Guttate psoriasis
77
what usually causes guttate psoriasis
previous infection, like strep
78
what is inverse psoriasis
plaque on the extensor surfaces (also intertringous surfaces)
79
what is different from inverse psoriasis among all other types of psoriasis
there is no scaling
80
what type of psoriasis shows pitting in the nailbed and the oil drop sign?
nail psoriasis | oil drop sign is yellowish areas under the nailbed
81
what is the very severe, and fatal form of psoriasis
pustular psoriasis
82
what are the 3 big comorbidities of psoriasis?
CVD, Inflammatory Bowel disease, Metabolic syndrome

Clin Med (14 decks)

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