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Clin Med > Derm 1 > Flashcards

Derm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

BMI underweight is less than

A

18

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2
Q

BMI normal range is

A

18-25

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3
Q

BMI overweight is

A

25-30

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4
Q

BMI obese is

A

30-40

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5
Q

BMI morbidly obese is

A

40+

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6
Q

a group of risk factors that increase risk for Cardiovacular disease

A

metabolic syndrome

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7
Q

in metabolic syndrome is……..high or low hdl

A

low

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8
Q

triglycerides high or low

A

high

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9
Q

total cholesterol is normal upto what value

A

150

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10
Q

what value is borderline diabetes during FBS/FBG

A

100-125

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11
Q

what is the normal range for a1c?

A

less than 5.6%

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12
Q

what is the prediabetic range for a1c

A

5.7-6.4%

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13
Q

risk factors for skin cancer

A

blue eyes, fair skin, UV rays, irish ancestry, freckles, burns easily, tanning booths, presence of dysplastic nevi.

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14
Q

what of the three is the least metastasizing?

A

basal cell

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15
Q

is a scar is changing it could be which skin cancer

A

squamos cell carcinoma

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16
Q

lesions bigger or smaller than what cm are considered large or small?

A

2cm

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17
Q

how do we remove nevi

A

excision

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18
Q

the usual treatment for basal cell is to…

A

leave it alone, it wont like metastasize. But still a possibility. Aldera may help, a wart remover cream.

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19
Q

What are the two types of keratosis (horny growth to the skin)

A

actinic (solar)

seborrheic (excess sebum production, oily)

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20
Q

Actinic keratosis can often develop into what cancer

A

SCC

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21
Q

Stucco Seborrheic keratosis are at risk for what cancer?

A

none, they are benign

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22
Q

Random stucco keratosis lesion appearing on the back over 3 months who signify a malignancy where else?

A

GI tract (who knew)

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23
Q

what two organ disease can cause itchiness

A

kidney and liver disease

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24
Q

what labs are drawn for systemic derm suspicion

A

CBC, CMP, LFT, TSH

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25
Q

a patient with yellow eyes may have jaundice, and could also be the result of?

A

medicines, antifungals, herbs.

check for HEP, liver disease

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26
Q

topical steroids can do what sometimes to dark skinned people

A

lighten the skin

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27
Q

topical steroids generally have what side effect

A

thinning of the skin

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28
Q

what 3 pathologies can cause erythema nodosum

A
  1. TB
  2. Lupus
  3. Birth control
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29
Q

A young female walks in your clinic with red areas of the shin who denies being on any meds…why?

A

she doesnt think that birth control is a medication. you have to be specific!

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30
Q

steroid ointment vs. cream….which one has a higher potency given the same dosage of each tube?

A

ointment

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31
Q

in a normal healthy human, a PPD can read upto what mm?

A

15mm

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32
Q

someone with a PPD who has had close contact to TB/HIV patients become positive at what value?

A

5mm

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33
Q

predisposition to eczema is called?

A

atopy

34
Q

you are borderline diabetic, and by minimizing your obesity you have reduce the risk of diabetes by how much in 5 years

A

52%

35
Q

darker areas of dark skinned people are called?

A

Acanthosis nigricans

36
Q

what is interigo

A

folds in the skin that contact each other

37
Q

without jaundice

A

anicteric

38
Q

skin changes due to the sun

A

actinic changes

39
Q

stuck on lesions, that are raised and flat (not plaques or papules)

A

stucco keratosis

40
Q

tiny red benign blisters on the skin from small erupted blood vessels

A

scenile angioma

41
Q

an immunocompromised individual with intractable itching after foreign travel, who develops crusting erosions likely has

A

crusted scabies

they usually lay 8-10 eggs in the fingernails, this guy has 1000’s under the crusts

42
Q

how would you treat crusted scabies?

A

premetherin cream

43
Q

what do we treat contact/allergic dermatis with?

A

mupirocen, or neospoin (steroid in case of impetigo)

44
Q

how can staph be introduced into patients with dermatitis

A

itching from fingernails

45
Q

what is delayed hypersensetivity

A

in allergic manifestations, every subsequent exposure can get worse

46
Q

where does atopic dermatitis typically manifest

A

behind the knees

47
Q

what is a common associated pathology with atopic dermatitis that can be discovered in the history?

A

family history of asthma or allergy

48
Q

what is the tx for atopic derm

A

emollient, and limit bathing

49
Q

what are two complication of atopic dermatitis

A

MRSA and Eczema Herpeticum

50
Q

How does seborrheic dermatitis present?

A

greasy facial scales

51
Q

what is the cause?

A

unsure if fungus causing inflammation or other way around

52
Q

what is the tx for seborrheic dermatitis

A

antifungals like ketoconazole, selsun blue, or a mild steroid

53
Q

how can babies aquire seborrheic dermatitis?

A

cradle cap

54
Q

what is the tx for cradle cap

A

shampoo or mineral oil to loosen scales, clean with soft toothbrush.

55
Q

if you see a babies groin with erthmatic maculopapular lesions and satellite lesions, what is it?

A

Diaper dermatitis

likely fungal, could be from diaper irritation

56
Q

tx for diaper dermatitis?

A

first apply antifungal, than barrier cream

57
Q

what should you be thinking in refractory diaper dermatitis?

A

systemic disease

58
Q

what is dyshydrotic eczema?

A

itch to the lateral aspect of the hand (nurse comes to you who wears gloves alot)

59
Q

what is the tx for dyshydrotic eczema?

A

steroid cream (remember…ointments are stronger in the same dose)

60
Q

what clinical manifestations help us dx venous stasis dermatitis?

A

afebrile, bilateral, varicosities, hyperpigmentation, (cellulitis would likely have fever and be unilateral)

61
Q

what is the tx for VS dermatitis?

A

Unna boot, elevation, and a steroid….DO NOT GIVE ANTIBIOTICS, you can cause a stasis ulcer.

62
Q

what are the 4 P’s in lichen planus

A

polygonal, pruritic, papular, purple

63
Q

what two additional presentations clue in to lichen planus?

A

wickams striae, and koebner phenomenon

64
Q

what would the differential be if you did not see wickams striae, but saw all the 4 p’s?

A

Lichenoid drug reaction (no mucosal involvement)

65
Q

what are 2 risk factors for lichen plaus?

A

Liver disease, and hep c

66
Q

tx for lichen planus

A

topic and/or systemic steroids, immunosuppressants (check to TB with Quantiferon test, better than the PPD)

67
Q

this disease comes from chronicly thickened itchy skin they think is caused by emotions?

A

lichen simplex chronicus

68
Q

what is the treatment for Lichen simplex chronicus

A

soak in warm water, then seal in that moisture with a steroid cream (can be recalcitrant)

69
Q

`what disease shows spontaneous pruiritic circular pathes to the trunk and the lower extremities?

A

Nummular dermatitis

70
Q

tx for nummular dermatitis?

A

potent steroid, and emollient after bathing

71
Q

what dermatological manifestation occurs from gluten sensetivity (celiacs)?

A

Dermatitis Herpetiformis (its not herpetic)

72
Q

what is the typical psoriasis called?

A

plaque psoriasis

73
Q

where does plaque psoriasis typically manifest?

A

nails, elbows, head, knees, lower back, belly button, etc.

74
Q

what medications in addition to stress and infection can induce psoriasis?

A

Lithium and Beta Blockers

75
Q

where does psoriatic arthritis occur, a complication of plaque psoriasis?

A

the nail and distal phalanges

76
Q

this psoriasis shows small droplike scale plaques, common in peds

A

Guttate psoriasis

77
Q

what usually causes guttate psoriasis

A

previous infection, like strep

78
Q

what is inverse psoriasis

A

plaque on the extensor surfaces (also intertringous surfaces)

79
Q

what is different from inverse psoriasis among all other types of psoriasis

A

there is no scaling

80
Q

what type of psoriasis shows pitting in the nailbed and the oil drop sign?

A

nail psoriasis

oil drop sign is yellowish areas under the nailbed

81
Q

what is the very severe, and fatal form of psoriasis

A

pustular psoriasis

82
Q

what are the 3 big comorbidities of psoriasis?

A

CVD, Inflammatory Bowel disease, Metabolic syndrome

Clin Med (14 decks)

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