Depression week 10

Question 1

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 1

Episodic

Question 2

When do MDD symptoms appear?

Answer 2

The symptoms present during a two - week period

Question 3

What are some physical symptoms of MDD?

Answer 3

Weight loss/gain, sleep disturbances, psychomotor agitation/retardation, fatigue/low energy

Question 3

What are some cognitive symptoms of MDD?

Answer 3

Feelings of worthlessness, inappropriate guilt, diminished ability to concentrate, diminished ability to make decisions, recurrent thoughts of death, suicide (with or without plan to attempt)

Question 4

What are types of depression?

Answer 4

1. Seasonal Affective Disorder
2. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
3. Postpartum Depression
4. Risk Factor: Depression is often induced by stress and anxiety associated with major life event

Question 4

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Answer 4

Chronic

Question 5

What is the Monoamine Hypothesis?

Answer 5

Depression is the result of reduced levels of activity on the monoamines. Antidepressant produces an immediate pharmacological effect

Question 6

How often do antidepressants need to be taken?

Answer 6

They need to be taken daily for any relief from depression. It takes about 4-6 weeks for it to work

Question 7

What do Antidepressants alter?

Answer 7

They alter the functioning of secondary messengers within a neuron. Alter the long-term functioning of the neuron. Includes protecting neurons from damage & promoting and maintaining the health of newly formed neurons,,

Question 8

Describe Excessive Reuptake

Answer 8

A significant amount of neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic cell are being rapidly reabsorbed. Decreased release of neurotransmitters into the synapse due to problems in the storage of vesicles or vesicle migration

Question 9

Describe MAO malfunction

Answer 9

Monoamine oxides enzyme is too active and excessively degrades neurotransmitters

Question 10

Describe disruption of neuroprotective protein synthesis

Answer 10

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor reduces hypercortisolemia. (antidepressants increase the production of BDNF)

Question 11

What does mid stress do?

Answer 11

Is healthy and increases performance

Question 12

What does moderate stress do?

Answer 12

Causes reductions in neural activity in the hippocampus

Question 13

What does strong stress cause?

Answer 13

Changes in morphology of hippocampus

Question 14

What does chronic stress cause?

Answer 14

Neurotoxicity (death of neurons) and reduction in neurogenesis

Question 15

Goal of Antidepressants

Answer 15

Alleviate symptoms and distress associated with depression, relieve anxiety or comorbid condition, improve the quality of life, repair neuronal damage associated with depression