depression for exam Flashcards
rumination decreases ________ but increases —— and is higher in _____
PROBLEM solving, negative moods, women
hopelessness : type of trait and other cognitive factor
global, stable trait caused by negative life events
low self esteem
hopelessness - examples of negative life events
loss of parent
social rejection
depressive parent attitude
Evidence for becks
people with negative cognitive style at higher risk for depression
Temple - Wisconsin study
high score on beck “dysfunctional attitude questionaire” high risk. 6 times more likely MDD
Depression in children
irritable
increase risk of suicide
decresed rates of morning depression and sleeping
loss of appetite and weight loss
Depression - social causes in adults (7)
Fractious, famililys lose interpersonal happiness in stressed children
family expressed emotion (negative) family ddifuculties lack social support interpersonal loss and humilation poor infant attachment recent stress child adversity
depression other symptoms
psychomotor low energy worthlessness and guilt low concentration suicidal ideation change appertite and sleep
depression prevalence
14.6
2x woman
high heridity
depression -etiology neurobiological (5)
high hpa dexamethason poor suppresion of cortisol decreased serotonin receptivity dopamine transmitters and responders dopaminergic areas of brain
etiology - mania (4)
dysfunction reward systems
high activity dopamine receptors
striatum
protein kinease C
Bipolar - prevalence
type 1: 1.8%
type 2: 2.5%
Depression - culture
high fish consumption in Japan and Iceland decrease china increase france symptoms vary distance from equator increases seasonal
PDD
chronic but not as low mood
longer it goes on the more it impairs
Mania - symptoms (11)
irritatingly social high energy extremely creative but low quality intense elation flight of ideas stop sleeping high self confidence elated, joyful, sensual, energetic
