Depression - Core Drugs Flashcards by Meley Gdey

List core drugs for depression.

Sertraline
Citalopram
Fluoxetine
Venlafaxine
Mirtazapine

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What is the primary mechanism of action of sertraline?

Inhibition of serotonin reuptake results in an accumulation of serotonin

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What is the drug target of sertraline?

serotonin transporter

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What are the side effects of sertraline?

GI effects (nausea, diarrhoea), sexual dysfunction, anxiety, insomnia

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At high doses, sertraline causes partial inhibition of?

CYP2D6

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Sertraline has mild inhibitory effects on what transporter?

dopamine

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On discontinuation of sertraline, what must happen?

must be gradually decreased

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What is the drug target of citalopram?

serotonin transporter

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Outline the drug action of citalopram.

Inhibition of serotonin reuptake results in an accumulation of serotonin

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What are the main side effects of citalopram?

GI effects (nausea, diarrhoea), sexual dysfunction, anxiety, insomnia

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Citalopram causes mild antagonism of what receptors?

muscarinic and histamine (H1)

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On discontinuation of Citalopram, what must happen?

must be gradually decreased

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Citalopram is metabolised by?

CYP2C19

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What is the drug target

of Fluoxetine?

serotonin transporter

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Outline the mechanism of action for Fluoxetine.

Inhibition of serotonin reuptake results in an accumulation of serotonin

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What are the main side effects of fluoxetine?

GI effects (nausea, diarrhoea), sexual dysfunction, anxiety, insomnia

Fluoxetine causes mild antagonism of what receptors?

5HT2A

5HT2C

Fluoxetine causes complete inhibition of what receptor?

CYP2D6

Fluoxetine causes significant inhibition of what receptor?

CYP2C19

What are the drug targets of Venlafaxine?

serotonin transporter

noradrenaline transporter

Outline the mechanism of action of venlafaxine.

Venlafaxine is a more potent inhibitor of serotonin reuptake than norepinephrine reuptake

What are the main side effects of venlafaxine?

GI effects (nausea, diarrhoea), sexual dysfunction, anxiety, insomnia, hypertension (at higher doses)

On discontinuation of venlafaxine, what must happen?

Must be gradually decreased

What is the drug target of Mirtazapine?

Alpha-2 receptor

5-HT2 receptor

Outline the mechanism of action of Mirtazapine on alpha 2 receptors.

Antagonises central presynaptic alpha-2-adrenergic receptors, which causes an increased release of serotonin and norepinephrine

Outline the mechanism of action of Mirtazapine on 5HT2 receptors.

Antagonises central 5HT2 receptors, which leaves 5HT1 receptors unopposed causing anti-depressant effects.

What are the main side effects of Mirtazapine?

weight gain | sedation

Use of Mirtazapine has a low probability of causing?

sexual dysfunction

Use of Mirtazapine may exacerbate?

REM sleep behaviour disorder