Depression/Bipolar Flashcards
True or False: feeling sad some days, euthymia, bursts of energy some days, and small fluctuations still are abnormal moods.
False
They’re normal
So what makes a mood abnormal?
When someone is in distress or the mood is interfering with success and happiness.
What % of the population has mood disorders?
5%
What does the mnemonic SIGECAPS stand for to diabnose abnormal moods?
Sleep Interest Guilt Energy Concentration Appetite Psychomotor Suicide
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal SLEEP?
Insomnia or hypersomia nearly EVERY DAY
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal INTEREST?
diminished interest or pleasure in nearly all activites
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal GUILT?
Inapporpriate feelings of guilt or worthlessness
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal ENERGY?
Loss of energy or fatirue
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal CONCENTRATION?
Diminished ability to think or concentrate, indecisiveness
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal APPETITE?
Increased or decreased appetite
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal PSYCHOMOTOR?
Observed psychomotor/retardation
For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal SUICIDE?
Recurrent thoughts of death/suicidal ideation
Which condition is defined by a manic episode that may be preceded by and may be followed by hypo-manic or manic depressive episodes?
Bipolar I disorder
Briefly, what defines the manic epiosode of bipolar I disorder?
Abnormally or persisently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood or energy, lasting at least 1 week and present most of the day, every day.
What does the DIGFAST mnemonic stand for to diagnose a manic episode?
Distractibility Indiscretion Grandiosity Flight of ideas Activity increase Sleep deficit Talkativeness
one of my friends in high school had a bipolar uncle who would buy him a ton of shit during manic episodes. he liked that. lol
What episode in bipolar is distinguished by abnormally persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased activity or energy, lasting 4 consecuvite days, and present most the day?
Hypomanic episode
What episode in bipolar disorder is characterized by a depressed mood every day, diminished interest in everything, weight loss or gain, insomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue, feelings of worhlessness, diminished ability to concentrate, and recurrent throughts of death?
Major depressive episode
What form of bipolarism is characterized by hypomanic episodes and at least 1 major depressive episode with no manic episodes?
Bipolar II
remember, bipolar I is a manic + depressive, like switching from The Mask to Eeyore
For bipolar II, how long must the depressive and hypomanic episodes last to be diagnostic?
Major depressive eposide for at least 2 weeks
Hypomanic for at least 4 days
This is the disorder characterized by at least 2 years of numerous episodes of hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes that are NOT major criteria for a major depressive episodes.
Cyclothymic disorder
What is the specifier for bipolar and related disorders characterized by persistnace of feeling tense, restless, problems concentrating, fear of somehting awful may happen, and feeling like the pt might lose control of himself?
Anxious distress specifier
What is the specifier of bipolar and related disorders where there is mixed symptoms like dyspohoria or depressed mood, loss of interest, fatigue, suicidal thoughts w/o a plan, like where they;re mixed manic and depressive at the same time.
Manic or hypomanic episode with mixed features
What is the specifier for bipolarism where this a major depressive episode with elevated mood, inflated self-esteem, more talkative, decrased need for sleep, or flight of ideas?
Depressive episode with mixed features
What defines the “rapid cycling” specifier for bipolar disorders?
Presence of at least 4 mood episodes in the last 12 months (manic, hypomanic, or major depressive episodes)
What specifier is characterized by loss of pleasure in almost all activities, lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli, guilt, and worse depression in the morning?
“with melancholic features”
How long must you have a a period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and persistently increased activity or energy to be termed a manic episode?
1 week
What specifier of bipolar is characterized when during a major depressive episode there is mood reactivity (mood brightening), weight gain or increase in appetite, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, and interpersonal rejection sensitivity?
“with atypical features”
What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by delusions or hallucinations that are present at any time in the episode/?
“with psychotic features”
What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by hallucinations or delusions during the manic episode and possible paranoia?
with mood-conruent psychotic features
What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by catatonia?
with catatonia
What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by onset of mood symptoms occurs during pregnancy or in the 4 weeks following delivery?
with peripartum onset
What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by a lifetime pattern of mood episodes that occur at a specific time of the year?
with seasonal pattern
This is the condition where there is chronic, severe, persistent irritability with mad tempers (Squidward).
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
What does the mnemonic SIG E CAPS stand for to diagnose major depressive disorder?
Sleep disturbance loss of Intrest Guilt loss of Energy loss of Concentration Appetite/weight changes Psychomotor retardation or agitation Suicidal ideations
How long do episodes mornally last in major depression?
6-12 months
How many of the SIG E CAPS + depressed mood must u have for 2 or more weeks to be diagnosed with major depression?
5
This is a major depressive episode that occurs in reponse to a psychosocial stressor?
Adjustment disorder with a depressed mood
This is a milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years, and has only a few Sx of major depression?
Dysthymia
This is the disorder where there is mood liability, irritability, dysphoria, and anxiety that occur repeatedly during the prementral phase of the cycle and remit around the onset of menses?
Prementrual Dysphoric Disorder
aka PMS you crazy ladies
According to the National Insitute for Mental health, what is the treatment plan of choice for patients with severe major depressive episodes?
Pharmacotherapy with psychotherapy
What is the syndrome causes by an excessive amt of serotonin, which can be from serotonic agents and reverses after serotonin levels are back to normal?
Serotonin syndrome
This is the syndrome where there is symptoms after taking serotonin drugs for a long time without tapering.
Serotonin discontinuation syndrome
If the first line treatment of antidepressant medications and psychotherapy are not effective or are too low, what can be used?
Electroconvusive Therapy (ECT)
What are the common side effects of ECT?
Confusion, memory loss of about 30 mins, muscle aches, and headaches
What are the 4 conditions u use ECT for?
Major depressive disorders
Bipolar disorders
Manic episodes
Schizophrenia (like they did to russell crowe in A Brilliant Mind)
What condition can bright light therapy (2,500-10,000 lux) be good for?
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
