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Psychiatry > Depression/Bipolar > Flashcards

Depression/Bipolar Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: feeling sad some days, euthymia, bursts of energy some days, and small fluctuations still are abnormal moods.

A

False

They’re normal

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2
Q

So what makes a mood abnormal?

A

When someone is in distress or the mood is interfering with success and happiness.

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3
Q

What % of the population has mood disorders?

A

5%

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4
Q

What does the mnemonic SIGECAPS stand for to diabnose abnormal moods?

A 
Sleep
Interest
Guilt
Energy
Concentration
Appetite
Psychomotor
Suicide
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5
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal SLEEP?

A

Insomnia or hypersomia nearly EVERY DAY

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6
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal INTEREST?

A

diminished interest or pleasure in nearly all activites

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7
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal GUILT?

A

Inapporpriate feelings of guilt or worthlessness

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8
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal ENERGY?

A

Loss of energy or fatirue

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9
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal CONCENTRATION?

A

Diminished ability to think or concentrate, indecisiveness

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10
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal APPETITE?

A

Increased or decreased appetite

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11
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal PSYCHOMOTOR?

A

Observed psychomotor/retardation

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12
Q

For SIGECAPS, what determines abnormal SUICIDE?

A

Recurrent thoughts of death/suicidal ideation

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13
Q

Which condition is defined by a manic episode that may be preceded by and may be followed by hypo-manic or manic depressive episodes?

A

Bipolar I disorder

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14
Q

Briefly, what defines the manic epiosode of bipolar I disorder?

A

Abnormally or persisently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood or energy, lasting at least 1 week and present most of the day, every day.

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15
Q

What does the DIGFAST mnemonic stand for to diagnose a manic episode?

A 
Distractibility
Indiscretion
Grandiosity
Flight of ideas
Activity increase
Sleep deficit
Talkativeness

one of my friends in high school had a bipolar uncle who would buy him a ton of shit during manic episodes. he liked that. lol

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16
Q

What episode in bipolar is distinguished by abnormally persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased activity or energy, lasting 4 consecuvite days, and present most the day?

A

Hypomanic episode

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17
Q

What episode in bipolar disorder is characterized by a depressed mood every day, diminished interest in everything, weight loss or gain, insomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue, feelings of worhlessness, diminished ability to concentrate, and recurrent throughts of death?

A

Major depressive episode

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18
Q

What form of bipolarism is characterized by hypomanic episodes and at least 1 major depressive episode with no manic episodes?

A

Bipolar II

remember, bipolar I is a manic + depressive, like switching from The Mask to Eeyore

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19
Q

For bipolar II, how long must the depressive and hypomanic episodes last to be diagnostic?

A

Major depressive eposide for at least 2 weeks

Hypomanic for at least 4 days

20
Q

This is the disorder characterized by at least 2 years of numerous episodes of hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes that are NOT major criteria for a major depressive episodes.

A

Cyclothymic disorder

21
Q

What is the specifier for bipolar and related disorders characterized by persistnace of feeling tense, restless, problems concentrating, fear of somehting awful may happen, and feeling like the pt might lose control of himself?

A

Anxious distress specifier

22
Q

What is the specifier of bipolar and related disorders where there is mixed symptoms like dyspohoria or depressed mood, loss of interest, fatigue, suicidal thoughts w/o a plan, like where they;re mixed manic and depressive at the same time.

A

Manic or hypomanic episode with mixed features

23
Q

What is the specifier for bipolarism where this a major depressive episode with elevated mood, inflated self-esteem, more talkative, decrased need for sleep, or flight of ideas?

A

Depressive episode with mixed features

24
Q

What defines the “rapid cycling” specifier for bipolar disorders?

A

Presence of at least 4 mood episodes in the last 12 months (manic, hypomanic, or major depressive episodes)

25
Q

What specifier is characterized by loss of pleasure in almost all activities, lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli, guilt, and worse depression in the morning?

A

“with melancholic features”

26
Q

How long must you have a a period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and persistently increased activity or energy to be termed a manic episode?

A

1 week

27
Q

What specifier of bipolar is characterized when during a major depressive episode there is mood reactivity (mood brightening), weight gain or increase in appetite, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, and interpersonal rejection sensitivity?

A

“with atypical features”

28
Q

What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by delusions or hallucinations that are present at any time in the episode/?

A

“with psychotic features”

29
Q

What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by hallucinations or delusions during the manic episode and possible paranoia?

A

with mood-conruent psychotic features

30
Q

What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by catatonia?

A

with catatonia

31
Q

What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by onset of mood symptoms occurs during pregnancy or in the 4 weeks following delivery?

A

with peripartum onset

32
Q

What specifier of bipolar disorder is characterized by a lifetime pattern of mood episodes that occur at a specific time of the year?

A

with seasonal pattern

33
Q

This is the condition where there is chronic, severe, persistent irritability with mad tempers (Squidward).

A

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

34
Q

What does the mnemonic SIG E CAPS stand for to diagnose major depressive disorder?

A 
Sleep disturbance
loss of Intrest
Guilt
loss of Energy
loss of Concentration
Appetite/weight changes
Psychomotor retardation or agitation
Suicidal ideations
35
Q

How long do episodes mornally last in major depression?

A

6-12 months

36
Q

How many of the SIG E CAPS + depressed mood must u have for 2 or more weeks to be diagnosed with major depression?

A

5

37
Q

This is a major depressive episode that occurs in reponse to a psychosocial stressor?

A

Adjustment disorder with a depressed mood

38
Q

This is a milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years, and has only a few Sx of major depression?

A

Dysthymia

39
Q

This is the disorder where there is mood liability, irritability, dysphoria, and anxiety that occur repeatedly during the prementral phase of the cycle and remit around the onset of menses?

A

Prementrual Dysphoric Disorder

aka PMS you crazy ladies

40
Q

According to the National Insitute for Mental health, what is the treatment plan of choice for patients with severe major depressive episodes?

A

Pharmacotherapy with psychotherapy

41
Q

What is the syndrome causes by an excessive amt of serotonin, which can be from serotonic agents and reverses after serotonin levels are back to normal?

A

Serotonin syndrome

42
Q

This is the syndrome where there is symptoms after taking serotonin drugs for a long time without tapering.

A

Serotonin discontinuation syndrome

43
Q

If the first line treatment of antidepressant medications and psychotherapy are not effective or are too low, what can be used?

A

Electroconvusive Therapy (ECT)

44
Q

What are the common side effects of ECT?

A

Confusion, memory loss of about 30 mins, muscle aches, and headaches

45
Q

What are the 4 conditions u use ECT for?

A

Major depressive disorders
Bipolar disorders
Manic episodes
Schizophrenia (like they did to russell crowe in A Brilliant Mind)

46
Q

What condition can bright light therapy (2,500-10,000 lux) be good for?

A

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Psychiatry (10 decks)

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