Depression Flashcards
What is the monoamine deficiency hypothesis?
Depression is due to functional deficit of central monoamine transmission.
What central monoamine transmission is deficitent?
NA and 5-HT/serotonin
What is the functional deficit of central monoamine transmission called?
Monoamine deficiency hypothesis
What are the causes of depression?
- Cushing
- Hypothyroidism
- Anaemia
- Diabetes
- Personal factors (death/abuse)
What are the core symptoms of depression?
- Anergia
- Anhedonia
- Low mood
What is anergia?
Low energy
What is anhendonia?
Less pleasure in things you enjoyed
What are the biological symptoms of depression?
- Weight loss
- Low libdio
- Early morning awakening
- Sleep disturbance
- Psychomotor
What are the cognitive symptoms of depression?
- Reduced memory and concentration
- Guilt
- Low self esteem
- Bleak future
- Self harm
What are the signs of depression?
- Unkempt
- Poor eye contact
- Slow speech
- Good insight
How long do you have to have depression for a diagnosis?
Two weeks
What are the different severity levels of depression?
- Mild
- Moderate
- Severe
What do you need for a diagnosis of mild depression?
2 core symptoms and 2 additional symptoms
What do you need for a diagnosis of moderate depression?
2 core symptoms and 3 additional symptoms
What do you need for a diagnosis of severe depression?
2 core symptoms and 4 additional symptoms
What drugs can be used to treat depression?
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- MAO inhibitors
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- ECT`
What tricyclic antidepressant can be used to treat depression?
Amytriptyline
What MAO inhibitor can be used to treat depression?
Phenelzine
What selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor can be used to treat depression?
Fluoxetine
What is the principle action of tricyclic antidepressants?
Block NA & 5-HT reuptake
What is the principle action of MAO inhibitors?
Increases stores of NA & 5-HT
What is the principle action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors?
Selective 5-HT2 reuptake inhibition
What is the principle action of ECT?
Increases CNS responses to NA & 5-HT
What effect on mood do tricyclic antidepressants have?
Increase mood
What effect on mood do MAO inhibitors have?
Increase mood
What effect on mood do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have?
Increase mood
What effect on mood does ECT have?
Increase mood
What does ECT stand for?
Electrochemical therapy
