Deploying And Troubleshooting Wireless Networks Flashcards
IEEE standards for wireless networking based on spread spectrum radio transmission in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. The standard, known as WiFi, has six main iterations: a, b, g, WiFi 4n, WiFi 5ac, and Wifi 6ax. These specify different modulation techniques, supported distances and data rates, plus special features such as channel bonding, MIMO and MU-MIMO
802.11 standards
Mechanism used by 802.11 WiFi standards to cope with contention over the shared access media
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSNA/CA)
Portion of the radio frequency spectrum in which wireless products operate, such as 2.4 GHz band or 5GHz band.
Frequency band
Subdivision of frequency bands used by WiFi products into smaller channels to allow multiple networks to operate at the same location without interfering with one another.
Channel
Use of multiple reception and transmission antennas to boost bandwidth via spatial multiplexing and to boost range and signal reliability via spatial diversity
Multiple input multiple output (MIMO)
Capability to aggregate one or more adjacent channels to increase bandwidth
Channel bonding
Use of spatial multiplexing to connect multiple MU-MIMO capable station’s simultaneously, providing the stations are not in the same directional path
Multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO)
Mobile telephony standards divided into 2G (GSM; up to about 14 Kbps), 2.5G (GPRS, HSCSD, and EDGE; up to about 48 Kbps) and 3G (WCDMA; up to about 2 Mbps)
Cellular radio
Standard for cellular radio communications and data transfer. These phones use a SIM card to identify the subscriber and network provider. 4G and later data standards are developed for this.
Global system for mobile communication (GSM)
Method of multiplexing a communications channel using a code to key the modulation of a particular signal. CDMA is associated with Sprint and Verizon cellular networks.
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Packet data communications specification providing an upgrade path for both GSM and CDMA2000 cellular networks. Advanced version is designed to provide 4G standard network access.
Long term evolution (LTE)
Device that provides a connection between wireless devices and can connect to wired networks, implementing an infrastructure mode WLAN
Access point (AP)
MAC address if an access point supporting a basic service arwa
Basic service set identifier (BSSID)
Character string that identifies a particular wireless LAN (WLAN)
Service set identifier (SSID)
Network name configured in multiple access points to form an extended service area
Extended service set identifier (ESSID)
Documentation about a location for the purposes of building an ideal wireless Infrastructure; it often contains optimum locations for wireless antenna and access point placement to provide the required coverage for clients and identifying sources of interference
Site survey
In a WiFi site survey a diagram showing signal strength and channel utilization at different locations.
Heat map
WLAN configured with multiple access points in an extended service set allowing clients to remain connected to the network within an extended service area.
Roaming
Device that provides wireless LAN management for multiple APs
Wireless LAN controller
Access point whose firmware contains enough processing logic to be able to function autonomously and handle clients without the use of a wireless controller
Fat AP
Access point for hat requires a wireless controller in order to function
Thin AP
Type of wireless network where connected devices communicate directly with each other instead of over an established medium.
Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS)
Loss of signal strength due to distance and environmental factors
Radio frequency (RF) attenuation
Signal strength as measured at the receiver using either decibel units or an index value
Received signal strength indicator (RSSI)
Device or software that can report characteristics of a WLAN such as signal strength and channel utilization
WiFi analyzer
Specially arranged metal wires that can send and receive radio signals typically implemented as either an omnidirectional or a unidirectional type.
Antenna type
Orientation of the wave propagating from antenna
Polarization
Signal loss caused by an external antenna connected to an access point over cabling
Antenna cable attenuation
Signal strength from a transmitter, measured as the sun of transmit power, antenna cable/connector loss and antenna gain
Effective isotopic radiated power (EIRP)
Troubleshooting issue where access points within range of one another are configured to use the same channel, causing increased contention
Co-channel interference (CCI)
Troubleshooting issue where access points within range of one another are configured to use different but overlapping channels causing increased noise
Adjacent channel interference (ACI)
Device that can detect the source of interference on a wireless network
Spectrum analyzer
Standards for authentication and encrypting access to WiFi networks
WiFi Protected Access (WPA)
Wireless network authentication mode where a passphrase-based mechanism is used to allow group authentication to a wireless network. The pass phrase is used to derive an encryption key.
Pre-shared key (PSK)
Personal authentication mechanism for WiFi networks introduced with WPA3 to address vulnerabilities in the WPA-PSK method
Simultaneous authentication of equals (SAE)
Wireless network authentication mode where the access point acts as pass through for credentials that are verified by an AAA server
Enterprise authentication
Management frame handling process by which a station is disconnected from an access point
Disassociation
Wireless network authentication mode where guest (unauthenticated) access is permitted.
Open authentication
Web page or website to which a client is redirected before being granted full network access
Captive portal
