Dental System Assessment (lesson) Flashcards
What type of tissue is comprised of the tissue that covers the hard palate and the gingiva?
Masticatory Mucosa
What color is masticatory tissue?
Light pink
What are the characteristics of masticatory mucosa?
Submucosa lies under and support the masticatory mucosa
Held in place firmly to bone and does not move
Has a dense hard covering
Functions to withstand the active process of chewing and swallowing food
What structure separates the nasal cavity above from the oral cavity below?
Hard palate
What structure is described as the movable posterior third of the palate?
Soft palate
What is the pear-shaped hanging projection at the end of the soft palate?
Uvula
What structure is comprised mainly of muscles, is one of the body’s most versatile organs and is responsible for a number of functions?
Tongue
What are the functions of the tongue?
Speaking Positioning food while eating Tasting and tactile sensation Swallowing Cleansing of oral cavity
An unusually short _______ can limit the mobility of the tongue and make speech difficult?
frenulum
What are the two dental arches of the oral cavity?
Maxillary and Mandible
Which of the dental arches is the upper arch and is part of the skull not capable of movement?
Maxillary
Which of the dental arches is the lower arch and is movable through the action of the tempromandibular joint?
Mandible
What term describes the space between the teeth and the inner lips and cheeks?
vestibule
What term describes specialized masticatory mucosa covering the alveolar process?
Gingiva
What mucosa is firm and resilient, encircles the neck of the teeth, aids in the support of the teeth and protects the alveolar process and the periodontal ligament from bacterial invasion?
Gingiva
What color is healthy gingiva?
pale pink to darker shades of purple to black depending on each individuals’s pigmentation
What mucosa is found on the inside of the lips, cheeks, vestibule, soft palate, and under the tongue?
Lining mucosa
What mucosa is consist of thin, fragile tissue that is very vascular and brighter red in color than masticatory mucosa?
Lining mucosa
What are the divisions of the crown?
Anatomical crown and clinical crown
What term describes the portion of the crown encased in enamel?
Anatomical crown
What term describes the part of the crown exposed in the mouth?
Clinical crown
What is covered in cementum and embedded in a thin layer of compact bone the forms the tooth socket?
The root
What is another term for the tooth socket?
alveolar bone
What term describes the slight indentation that encircle the tooth and marks the junction of the anatomical crown with the root?
Cervix
What joint the enamel at the cervix of the tooth?
Cementum
What type of exam is the annual dental exam?
Type 2
What dental classes are considered worldwide deployable?
Class 1 and 2
What dental class can be described as patients who do not require dental treatment or reevaluation within 12 months?
Class 1
What dental class can be described as having an oral conditions that could have the potential but are not expected to result in dental emergencies within 12 months?
Class 2
What dental class have oral conditions that the examining dentist expects will result in dental emergencies within 12 months if not treated?
Class 3
What dental class describes patients who require examination, whose dental classifications are unknown?
Class 4
What numbering system is used most often in the U.S. for dental charting?
Universal Numbering Method/National
What are the permanent teeth numbered?
1-22
What are the primary teeth lettered?
A-T
When charting dental exams, what term and abbreviation would describe the surface of the tooth that is toward the lip or cheek?
Facial (F)
When charting dental exams, what term would describe facial surfaces that are closest to the lips?
Labial
When charting dental exams, what term and abbreviation would describe facial surfaces that are closest to the cheeks?
Buccal (B)
What teeth are considered the anterior?
Incisors and Canines
What teeth are considered posterior?
Premolars and Molars
What type of syringe is used in most routine dental operative procedures?
Three way syringe
What is the main purpose of irrigation during surgical dental procedures?
Keep a clean treatment site
When irrigating the surgical site during a dental operation, when is the cleansing considered complete?
when all irrigation solution has been aspirated from the mouth
Why is aspiration necessary in dental procedures?
Remove blood, pus, saliva, and debris from treatment site and oral cavity
What is used for aspiration during dental treatment/operations?
High-volume evacuater (HVE) or saliva ejector
when using a HVE or saliva ejector, which position do you place the tip before turning the aspiration off?
Upright position
When are new assistants trained on principles for prevention of healthcare associated infections?
during initial indoctrination and annually thereafter
Who conducts training on sterilization of reusable medical and dental equipment?
Sterile Processing Department (SPD) SMEs
Who provides oversight for all personnel reprocessing reusable devices?
infection control
What are some examples of surfaces that require barrier protection?
Headrest, dental unit control switch, air and water line hoses, light handles, chair side microscope maneuvering handles, light curing unit, hard to clean equipment
What term describes the concept of dispensing dental materials or supplies required to treat a single patient?
Unit dose concept
What equipment is standard to initially examine the teeth?
Mouth mirror, explorer and periodontal probe
Once treatment is completed, what is used to clean and disinfect clinical contact surfaces that were not barrier protected?
EPA-registered hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal claim (i.e. intermediate level)
When reviewing the patient’s health Hx what are some things that need to be included?
tobacco use
Stimulant use
Alcohol use
Medications
What term describes a localized area of pus originating from an infection?
Abscess
Where are dental abscesses commonly found?
At the apex of the root
What are some signs and sxs of an abscess?
Increased pain when chewing, Increased pain when lying down, Tender lymph nodes locally, Sever pain reaction when light pressure is applied to affected tooth, Increased tooth mobility, elevated temp
What term describes pain and inflammation resulting from exposed bone associated with disturbance of a blood clot after extraction of a tooth?
Dry socket
What are the signs and sxs of a dry socket?
Occurs 3-5 days post extraction, very painful, sever constant pain that can run from ear to lower jaw, absence of a blood clot, food visible in socket, foul odor, pain not responsive to meds
What dental condition is described as a transmissible bacterial infection?
Dental caries
What are some signs and sxs of dental caries?
Sensitivity to hot and cold, sweets or pressure from biting. Chalky white spot on enamel, dark stained cavity, cavity filled with food or spongy mass of decaying dentin, pain when chewing, bad taste, difficulty opening mouth, swelling of the neck on affected side, fever, enlarged lymph nodes, elevated temp
What contributes to an avulsed tooth being successfully replanted?
Time, the sooner it is replanted the better the chances
What is the emergency treatment of an avulsed tooth?
Recover tooth immediately
Wrap in moistened gauze
Immediately transport Pt with tooth to nearest MTF/DTF
With Fx of the mandible, what is your priority for treatment?
Airway
What type of tooth Fx is described as a chip or Fx of the tooth enamel without any dentin involvement?
Type I
What type of tooth Fx is described as an extensive Fx involving the enamel and the dentin layers but has no pulp exposure?
Type II
What type of tooth Fx is the pulp exposed?
Type III
What type of tooth Fx is a Fx of the root that may include fracture of the crown?
Type IV
What is the recommend homecare protocol to remove plaque from teeth?
Soft bristle toothbrush with nylon bristles for at least 3 minutes
Brush BID
Floss prior to brushing
Annual cleaning at dental exam
