Dental Diseases Flashcards
Enamel hypoplasia or hypocalcification is caused by …?
Damage to ameloblast during enamel development or exposure of enamel to corrosive material… can be due to high fever too
What are the two forms of treatment for enamel hypoplasia ?
Focal - restore defect with composite
or place several teeth cap to prevent wear
Which drug can cause teeth to turn yellow?
Tetracycline
Which layer is affected in the teeth for tetracycline staining?
Dentin
Doxycycline cause less yellowing of the teeth compare to Tetracycline. T/F?
True
What is meant by dental attrition
When there is pathologic wearing due to contact with opposing tooth –> malocclusion
What is meant by dental abrasion?
Caused by abnormal contact with crown surface by a foreign object eg: tennis ball, rocks etc
How would you treat a dental abrasion?
Remove offending objects and monitor for pulp exposure and crown fractures
How would you treat dental attrition?
- orthodontic correction
- crown reduction
- extraction
How do you determine if there is an endodontic exposure ?
Probe with an explorer- if it enters the chamber, extract or do a root canal.
Reparative tertiary dentin is brown and hard.
What is the cause of dental caries?
Bactetria produce organic acids that in the presence of carbs decalcify enamel and dentin
Where are dental cavities typically located ?
109,110
209, 210
309
409
Molars are the ones typically affected.
Which are the two carnaissial teeth
108 and 409
208 and 309
What is a draining tract that is associated with the teeth called ?
Parulis
The roots of which teeth sits in the zygomatic arch?
Maxillary molar 1 and 2.
Apical disease can cause retrobulbar signs
In which breed is gingival hyperplasia typically seen?
BOXER and Great Dane
Generalized gingival hyperplasia
Which 3 drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia?
Cyclosporine
Calcium Channel blockers
Anticonvulsants
What is the treatment of gingival hyperplasia ?
Remove excessive tissue to return sulcus depth to normal scalloped contour
What sx procedure would you use for Gingivectomy ?
Radiosurgery
Electrosurgery
Co2 Laser
Fluted burr
What is the clinical sign of Pulpitis?
Discoloration of the teeth
It may be reversible but NOT often. the older the patient the less likely, the pulp will survive.
How would you treat pulpitis ?
Monitor –> Root canal or Extract
What are the six classifications of tooth fracture?
- Enamel infraction (Abraction )
- cracks in the enamel and no loss of structure - Enamel fracture
- loss of enamel only - Uncomplicated crown fracture
- pulp chamber is not exposed - complicated crown fracture - pulp is exposed
- uncomplicated crown/root fracture
- crown is NOt exposed - Root fracture - extract
What is the treatment for uncomplicated/enamel fractures?
Indirect pulp capping or crown restoration
What is the treatment for complicated fractures?
Vital pulpotomy (option in very young animals) or root canal Crown restoration or extraction of tooth
What is the apical root resorption and apical lucency indicative of?
Associated with an endodontic disease and peri-apical inflammation
What are the advantages of endodontics?
It is less invasive than extraction.
- Preserves tooth function and integrity of the jaw
What are the disadvantages of endodontics
- expensive
- specialized skill - techinique sensitive
- longer anesthetic time
What is the objective of a vital pulpotomy?
It is to maintain a viable tooth that will continue to mature
- the pulp is necessary to maintain dentin
What type of teeth can you perform a vital pulpotomy on?
Immature tooth
Very wide pulp cavity
Apex is not closed completely
When does the apex close?
18-24 months
Vital pulpotomy is >80% successful (initial) when
TRUTH
What would you place on the exposed pulp?
ProRoot MTA or Calcium Hydroxide powder
How ‘old’ should the mature tooth be for a complete root canal to be successful?
> 24 months
What are the goals of a complete root canal
complete removal of pulp contents and sealing the apex to prevent bacteria from escaping from the tooth
What must you always do when you have a retrobulbar dz ?
RADIOGRAPHS!
Differentiate tooth luxation from tooth avulsion
Luxation - partially dislocated from alveolus but it retains some attachement
Avulsion is when it is completely displaced from the alveolus
For a tooth luxation/avulsion, what is the time frame you have before the success of saving the tooth goes down exponentially?
30 minutes
If the tooth is avulsed, you MUST keep the TOOTH MOIST - saliva, milk and saline
TRUTH
