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Dental Materials > Dental cements (Ch 14) > Flashcards

Dental cements (Ch 14) Flashcards

1
Q

when are dental cements used in dentistry

A
  • cavity varnish: closes tubules and decreases microleakage, used under amalgam only
  • liners: placed in a thin layer, stimulates reparative dentin, for very small pulp exposure, eg calcium hydroxide = ducal
  • bases: placed in a thick layer, protects against chemical, thermal, physical irritation
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2
Q

what is luting

A
  • refers to the cementing of 2 components together

- ex. inlays, crown and bridge, veneers, orthodontic brackets and bands

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3
Q

what are luting agents for

A
  • temporary crown and bridge
  • permanent crown and bridge
  • attach orthodontic bands and brackets to enamel
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4
Q

what are surgical dressings

A
  • provides protection and support for surgical sites, provide patient comfort and control bleeding
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5
Q

what are type 1 luting agents

A
  • act as an adhesive to hold together the casting to the tooth structure
  • luting agents are designed to be either permanent or temporary
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6
Q

what is permanent luting cement

A
  • for the long-term cementation of gold and ceramic restorations such as inlays/onlays, crowns, bridges, veneers, orthodontic fixed appliances
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7
Q

what is temporary luting cement

A
  • temporary cements are used if the restoration would have to be removed due to sensitivity or other symptoms, and for the temporary cementation of provisional coverage
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8
Q

review properties of dental cements in the ppt

A
  • slides 11 and 12
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9
Q

what are 6 commonly used cements

A
  • zinc-oxide eugenol
  • zinc phosphate
  • zinc polycarboxylate
  • glass ionomer
  • hybrid ionomer
  • composite resin
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10
Q

what are some advantages to zinc oxide eugenol

A
  • wide variety of uses: for temp cementation, for temp and immediate rest, low strength bases, root canal sealants, perio dressings
  • sedative to the pulp
  • easily manipulates
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11
Q

what are some disadvantages to zinc oxide eugenol

A
  • low strength

- high solubility

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12
Q

what are the 2 types of zinc oxide eugenol

A
  • type I: lacks strength and long‑term durability and is used for temporary cementation of provisional coverage
  • type II: has reinforcing agents added for the permanent cementation of cast restorations or appliances
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13
Q

what is zinc phosphate

A
  • acid-base reaction
  • made of zinc oxide
  • power/liquid system
  • exothermic reaction (chemical reaction) occurs. mixing of powder & liquid is done in increments to control heat
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14
Q

what are the two different types of zinc phosphate

A
  • fine grain: used for the permanent cementation of cast restorations such as crowns, inlays, onlays, and bridges. this material creates the very thin film layer necessary for accurate seating of castings
  • medium grain: recommended for use as an insulating base for deep cavity preparations
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15
Q

what are some advantages of zinc phosphate

A
  1. long clinical history
  2. low film thickness
  3. inexpensive
  4. high rigidity
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16
Q

what are some disadvantages of zinc phosphate

A
  1. initial pulp irritation
  2. mechanical bond only
  3. technique-sensitive mixing
  4. relatively high solubility
17
Q

what is zinc polycarboxylate cement and what is it used for

A
  • permanent cement for cast restorations, stainless steel crowns, and orthodontic bands
  • as a nonirritating base under both composite or amalgam restorations
  • as an intermediate restoration
18
Q

what are some advantages of zinc polycarboxylate

A
  1. bonds directly to tooth structures
  2. nonirritating to the pulp
  3. inexpensive
19
Q

what are some disadvantages of zinc polycarboxylate

A
  1. higher solubility
  2. lower strength
  3. shorter working time
20
Q

what are glass ionomers

A
  • chemically bond to tooth structure
  • release and replenish fluoride
  • contain aluminum fluorosilicate glass
  • powder/liquid or capsules (triturate)
21
Q

what are the 3 different types of glass ionomers

A
  • type: 1 for the cementation of metal restorations and direct‑bonded orthodontic brackets
  • type II: designed for restoring areas of erosion near the gingiva
  • type III: used as liners and dentin bonding agents
22
Q

what are some benefits of glass ionomers

A
  • powder is an acid‑soluble calcium. the slow release of fluoride from this powder aids in inhibiting recurrent decay
  • causes less trauma or shock to the pulp than many other types of cements
  • low solubility in the mouth
  • adheres to a slightly moist tooth surface
  • has a very thin film thickness, which is excellent for seating ease
23
Q

what forms does glass ionomer come in

A
  • powder/liquid: mixed manually on a paper pad or a cool, dry glass slab. glass slab increases the working time of the cement
  • premeasured capsules: triturated and expressed through a dispenser
24
Q

what are some advantages to glass ionomers

A
  1. chemical adhesion to tooth
  2. fluoride release
  3. easy to mix
  4. moderate strength
25
Q

what are some disadvantages to glass ionomers

A
  1. history of postoperative sensitivity

2. moisture sensitive during setting

26
Q

what are some advantages to hybrid ionomer cements

A
  1. good strength
  2. fluoride release
  3. insoluble
  4. chemical adhesion to tooth
  5. less postoperative sensitivity
  6. excellent film thickness
27
Q

what are some disadvantages to hybrid ionomer cements

A
  1. not recommended for all ceramic restorations
28
Q

what is composite resin cement and when is it used

A
  • cementation of ceramic or resin inlays and onlays
  • cementation of ceramic veneers
  • cementation of orthodontic bands
  • direct bonding of orthodontic brackets
  • cementation of all metal castings
29
Q

what forms does composite resin come in

A
  • powder and liquid mix
  • syringe-type applicator
  • base and catalyst
  • light cure/dual cure system: recommended portions of either application are dispensed onto a paper pad and mixed rapidly with a spatula
30
Q

what are some advantages to resin-based cements

A
  1. high strength
  2. insoluble
  3. low wear
  4. excellent bond
  5. aesthetic shades available
31
Q

what are some disadvantages to resin-based cements

A
  1. requires additional steps in the bonding procedure
  2. requires additional steps in preparation of internal restoration surfaces
  3. removal of excess cement may be difficult
32
Q

what is the cement removal process like

A
  • operator preparedness and knowledge
  • instruments selected for the procedure:
  • explorer, mouth mirror, excavator
  • use a fulcrum
  • use knotted dental floss in and around the embrasure areas
33
Q

read ‘removal of excess cement’

A
  • slide 34 in ppt
34
Q

what do surgical dressing for gingival grafts provide

A
  • protection
  • support for the surgical site
  • patient comfort
  • helps in the control of bleeding
35
Q

what is the criteria for a well-placed dressing for gingival grafts

A
  • smooth with as little bulk as possible
  • covers the surgical site with minimal overextension
  • interlocked interdentally to provide stability

Dental Materials (18 decks)

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