Density Flashcards
3 things on solids
- particles are very close together
- particles arrangement in regular pattern
- particles vibrate but don’t move from place to place
3 things on liquids
- particles close together
- particles aren’t arranged in a regular pattern
- particles can move around eachother
3 things on gas
- particles are very far apart
- particles aren’t arranged in any pattern
- particles are moving very rapidly
What is the attraction force of gas
No significant attractive force
What does the density of a material tell us
The mass for a given volume
Explain the density of a solid
Particles are packed closely together,solids have a lot of masses for their volume
Very high density
Explain density of liquid
Because particles are close together, liquids have a lot of mass for their volume
High density
Explain the density of a gas
Particles are very far apart so gases only have a small mass for their volume
Low density
Density and floatation?
An object will float on a fluid if it’s density is less than the liquid
Relationship with states of matter
Solids have a higher density than liquids and liquid have a higher density than gases
However exceptions exist
How do you find the density of a regular object
Measure its mass and volume then use the formula
How do you find density of an irregular object
- by using water displacement
- place the object in water
- the volume of displaced water equals the objects volume
Changing density (temp)
- the density of substances decreases as temperature increases because substance expands, increasing the volume
- the density increases when the substance is cooler , as the molecules come closer together
Applications in buoyancy (ships)
Ships are made with a design that ensures their overall density is less than that of water, allowing them to float
Applications in material science
Materials with low density (like foam) are used for insulation because they trap air , which reduces heat transfer
