Dengue Flashcards
How many subgroups of dengue virus are there?
4
Can a patient get a second infection with the same serotype as the first one?
No, subsequent infection with serotype different from that of first one.
What are the symptoms of dengue?
- Asymptomatic
- Dengue fever
- Dengue hemorrhagic fever
- Dengue shock syndrome
How is dengue transmitted?
AEDES mosquito
Signs of dengue haemorrhagic fever?
- fever lasting 2 to 7 days
- haemorrhagic manifestations, including a positive tourniquet test
- thrombocytopenia
- haematocrit increase by 20% or more
When does dengue shock syndrome occur?
Between day 3 to 7
Warning sings of dengue shock syndrome?
- Rapid weake pulse
- Cold clammy skin
- Oliguria
- Acute abdominal pain
DHF and DSS is usually seen in which 2 group of patients?
- Infants < 1y/o experiencing primary infection
- Children > 1y/o or adults experiencing a second dengue infection
Briefly explain first degree dengue infection
- IgM and IgG involved
- Serotype specific
- Neutralizing
Briefly explain second degree dengue infection
- IgG invloved
- Non-neutralising, cross-reactive with other antigen
Upon exposure to another serotype, IgG becomes infection-enhancing, causing ANTIBODY DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT OF INFECTIVITY mediated by CROSS-REACTIVE, NON-NEUTRALISING dengue viral antibodies
How to diagnose dengue?
ELISA test to detect IgM, IgG and NS1antigen
How to prevent dengue?
Dengvaxia - Live attenuated vaccine
What are the differential diagnosis for dengue?
Chikungunya: Prolongs symptoms
Zika Virua: Conjunctivitis
