//Demography Flashcards
Identify the four factors that affect the size of a country’s population.
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Define natural change.
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Define net migration.
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Define birth rate.
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Define total fertility rate.
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Identify two reasons for changes in the fertility and birth rates.
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Summarise how changes in the positions of women have led to a decline in birth rate.
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Summarise how a decline in infant mortality rate has led to a decline in birth rate.
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Summarise how children now being an economic liability has led to a decline in birth rate. .
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Summarise how child centredness has led to a decline in birth rate.
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What is the reason for the slight increase in births since 2001?
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What does the overall projection show about the number of births up to 2041?
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What is the effect of fewer babies being born on the family?
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What is the effect of fewer babies being born on the dependency ratio?
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What is the effect of fewer babies being born on public services and policies?
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Define death rate.
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According to Tranter, what was the main reason for the decline in the death rate from 1850 to 1970.
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By the 1950s, what kinds of diseases had become the main cause of death?
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Summarise how improved nutrition has had an impact on death rates.
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Summarise how medical improvements have had an impact on death rates.
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Summarise how smoking and diet have had an impact on death rates.
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Summarise how public health measures have had an impact on death rates.
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Summarise how other social changes have had an impact on death rates.
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Define life expectancy.
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What is the difference in life expectancy for a baby boy born in 1900 as compared with a
baby boy born in 2013?
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Give one reason why average life expectancy was low in 1900.
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What is the projected number of centenarians in 2100?
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Identify three factors that have caused the ageing of the population.
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Summarise the effects of an ageing population on public services.
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Summarise the effects of an ageing population on one-person pensioner households.
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Summarise the effects of an ageing population on the dependency ratio.
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Define ageism.
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In what ways might ageism be seen?
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What do you understand by the term ‘structured dependency’?
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How do Marxists view old age in capitalist society?
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How does age determine people’s roles in modern society?
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How does the life course in postmodern society differ from that in modern society?
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How do people use consumption to create their identities in postmodern society?
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How might a person’s previous occupational position affect them when they are older?
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Identify three policy implications of an ageing population.
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Define immigration.
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Define emigration.
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Define net migration.
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What part of the world do most immigrants to the UK now come from?
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- Define the following terms in relation to emigration:
a. Economic ‘push’ factors
b. Economic ‘pull’ factors
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Despite economic ‘push’ and ‘pull’ standards, what other reasons might migrants have for leaving their country?
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Explain how immigration is causing natural population increase.
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How does immigration affect the age structure of the population directly?
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How does immigration affect the age structure of the population indirectly?
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Identify three effects of immigration on the dependency ratio.
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Define globalisation.
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What processes are giving rise to globalisation?
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How does today’s pattern of super-diversity differ from pre-1990s migration patterns?
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In what ways does the feminisation of migration reflect the gender division of labour in
western societies?
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List some of the factors that make up our identity
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Give an example of a ‘hybrid identity’.
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What is meant by ‘hierarchical identities?
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What does Eriksen mean by ‘transnational identities’?
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What is meant by ‘assimilationism’? Why might this be a controversial policy?
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What is meant by multiculturalism?
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Why is ‘shallow’ diversity more likely to be accepted than ‘deep’ diversity?
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Why has there been a move back towards assimilation policies in recent years?
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Why does Castles see assimilationist policies as counter-productive?.
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