DEMOGRAPHICS of family and households Flashcards
What 4 factors affect the size and structure population?
-birth rates
-death rates
-life expectancy
-migration/immigration
What is the rounded current population size of the UK?
-as of november 2021, 68.4million
What was the population size of the UK in 1900?
37 million
Over the 100 years, what has happened to each factor?
-birth rate decreased
-death rate decreased
-life expectancy increased
-immigration into UK increased
Between what ages has birth rates decreased and increased?
-decreased= 15-29
-increased= 30-40+
What are the 4 factors affecting birth rates?
-changing position of women
-children= economic assets—> economic liability
(changing norms)
-decline in infant mortality rate
-society is now child-centred
What is birth rate?
=the number of live births/1000/year
What is migration?
=the movement of people in or out of an area
Name 3 trends to do with migration?
-2000-2013, 3.2% of world left/entered UK, average migrant= 20-30
-next 25years, UK pop will grow by 9.6mil, 43% by migration
-25% of births in UK from immigrant women (prediction)
name 3 factors for migration?
-globalisation
-laws and policies
-push and pull factors.
what is making globalisation easier?
-travel is easier, quicker and more accessible
-transport and tech
what did the EU agreement allow people to do
-live and work in other countries without permits
-be treated like other individuals in that country, equal treatment and employment opportunities.
-allowed to retire in other countries, easily accessible to do so.
examples of push factors
-bad healthcare
-bad climate, experience lots of natural disasters
-war/conflict
-bad paid jobs
examples of pull
-better education
-better healthcare
-better paid jobs
-better laws, values, accepting of people
-family/friends live there
what is death rate?
the number of deaths/1000/year
What did the death rate in the UK fall to and from between 1900 and 2012
-1900= 19
-2012= 8.9
why was there small increases of the death rate between 1930 and 1940?
-ww2
-the Holocaust
-riots
-Great Depression
why is the death rate declining?
-improved healthcare
-improved sanitation
-change in attitudes, improved nutrition
-welfare state
-improved housing
-public health measures
-higher income, safer jobs
What did Harper say? (death rates)
predicted that if trend continues, a radical longevity will be achieved.
what is life expectancy?
how long on average a person born can expect to live till
between 1900 and 2016, what did the male and female le change from and to.
MALE
-1900= 50 -2016= 90
FEMALE
-1900=57 -2016=94
a baby born today has a better chance of reaching it’s what bday compared to a baby in 1900 of reaching it’s 1st bday?
65th
What 2 factors of CAGES can affect life expectancy?
-class
-gender
what are the 3 ingredients for an ageing population?
1= declining fertility
2= declining infant mortality
3= increased life expectancy
what is meant by an ageing population?
the average age of the population is rising
-there are fewer young people and more old people in the population
what is a piece of evidence that supports the ageing population?
in 2014 the amount of over 65s overtook the number of under 16s for the 1st time
what is the ageing population seen as?
healthier and more active, and so this helps them live longer
