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Demineralizers and lon Exchangers Flashcards

1
Q

A demineralizer is being used in a water purification system. How will the accumulation of
suspended solids in the demineralizer affect the performance of the demineralizer?

A. The rate of resin depletion will increase.

B. The flow rate of water through the demineralizer will increase.

C. The differential pressure across the demineralizer will decrease.

D. The rate of unwanted ion removal from the system will decrease.

A

The rate of unwanted ion removal from the system will decrease.

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2
Q

A sudden increase in the conductivity of water at the outlet of a demineralizer may result from…

A. increased demineralizer flow rate.

B. reduced demineralizer inlet temperature.

C. increased demineralizer effluent pressure.

D. reduced demineralizer inlet conductivity.

A

increased demineralizer flow rate.

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3
Q

Which one of the following conditions can lead to channeling in an operating demineralizer?

A. Suspended solids forming a mat on the surface layer of the resin bed.

B. A sudden 10°F decrease in the temperature of the influent to the demineralizer.

C. Exhaustion of the resin bed due to high conductivity of the demineralizer influent.

D. Operation of the demineralizer with influent flow rate at 10 percent below design flow rate.

A

Suspended solids forming a mat on the surface layer of the resin bed.

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4
Q

High differential pressure in a demineralizer could be caused by all of the following except…

A. crud buildup.

B. high flow rate.

C. resin exhaustion.

D. resin overheating.

A

resin exhaustion.

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5
Q

Which one of the following is an indication of resin exhaustion in a demineralizer?

A. An increase in suspended solids in the effluent.

B. A decrease in the flow rate through the demineralizer.

C. An increase in the conductivity of the effluent.

D. An increase in the differential pressure across the demineralizer.

A

An increase in the conductivity of the effluent.

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6
Q

The decontamination factor for ionic impurities of a demineralizer can be expressed as…

A. Inlet Conductivity minus Outlet Conductivity.

B. Outlet Conductivity minus Inlet Conductivity.

C. Inlet Conductivity divided by Outlet Conductivity.

D. Outlet Conductivity divided by Inlet Conductivity.

A

Inlet Conductivity divided by Outlet Conductivity.

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7
Q

The ion exchange efficiency of a condensate demineralizer is determined by performing a calculation
using the…

A. demineralizer inlet and outlet pH.

B. demineralizer inlet and outlet conductivity.

C. change in pH at the outlet of the demineralizer over a period of time.

D. change in conductivity at the outlet of the demineralizer over a period of time.

A

demineralizer inlet and outlet conductivity.

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8
Q

Which one of the following is an indication that a demineralizer resin has become exhausted?

A. Decreased demineralizer process water flow rate.

B. Decreased demineralizer influent conductivity.

C. Decreased demineralizer differential pressure.

D. Decreased demineralizer decontamination factor.

A

Decreased demineralizer decontamination factor.

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9
Q

The ion exchange efficiency of a condensate demineralizer can be calculated using the values for
demineralizer inlet and outlet…

A. conductivity.

B. pH.

C. N-16 radioactivity.

D. pressure.

A

conductivity

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10
Q

To determine the decontamination factor for ionic impurities of a demineralizer, the two parameters
that must be monitored are inlet and outlet…

A. pH.

B. conductivity.

C. suspended solids.

D. pressure.

A

conductivity

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11
Q

What percentage of impurities is being removed from the water passing through an ion exchanger if
the ion exchanger has a decontamination factor of 25?

A. 99 percent

B. 96 percent

C. 88 percent

D. 75 percent

A

96 percent

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12
Q

What percentage of ionic impurities is being removed from the water passing through an ion
exchanger if the ion exchanger has a decontamination factor of 50?

A. 98 percent

B. 96 percent

C. 75 percent

D. 50 percent

A

98 percent

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13
Q

The decontamination factor of a condensate demineralizer has just been determined to be 50, based on
conductivity measurements.
If condensate having a conductivity of 20 μmho/cm is flowing into this demineralizer, which one of
the following is the conductivity of the condensate at the outlet of the demineralizer?

A. 0.4 μmho/cm

B. 1.0 μmho/cm

C. 4.0 μmho/cm

D. 10.0 μmho/cm

A

0.4 μmho/cm

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14
Q

The decontamination factor of a condensate demineralizer has just been determined to be 10, based on
conductivity measurements.
If condensate having a conductivity of 20 μmho/cm is flowing into this demineralizer, which one of
the following is the conductivity of the condensate at the outlet of the demineralizer?

A. 0.5 μmho/cm

B. 2.0 μmho/cm

C. 5.0 μmho/cm

D. 10.0 μmho/cm

A

2.0 μmho/cm

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15
Q

The decontamination factor of a condensate demineralizer has just been determined to be 5.0, based on
conductivity measurements.
If condensate having a conductivity of 20 μmho/cm is flowing into this demineralizer, which one of
the following is the conductivity of the condensate at the outlet of the demineralizer?

A. 0.4 μmho/cm

B. 4.0 μmho/cm

C. 10.0 μmho/cm

D. 100.0 μmho/cm

A

4.0 μmho/cm

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16
Q

What percentage of ionic impurities is being removed from the water passing through an ion
exchanger if the ion exchanger has a decontamination factor of 1.0?

A. 100 percent

B. 99 percent

C. 1 percent

D. 0 percent

A

0 percent

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17
Q

Two indications of channeling through an operating demineralizer are a __________-than-normal
demineralizer differential pressure and a __________-than-normal decontamination factor for ionic
impurities.

A. higher; lower

B. higher; higher

C. lower; lower

D. lower; higher

A

lower; lower

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18
Q

Mixed-bed demineralizer 1A was removed from service after it became saturated with sodium (Na+
)
ions while processing condensate with 10 times the normal sodium concentration. Alternate
mixed-bed demineralizer 1B has restored the condensate sodium concentration to normal.
Demineralizer 1A has not been processed in any way since being removed from service.
If demineralizer 1A is returned to service to replace demineralizer 1B, the downstream condensate
system sodium concentration will…

A. remain the same, because demineralizer 1A can no longer remove any anions from the condensate.

B. remain the same, because demineralizer 1A can no longer remove any cations from the
condensate.

C. increase, only due to the water volume contained in demineralizer 1A mixing with the condensate
influent.

D. increase, due to both the water volume contained in demineralizer 1A mixing with the condensate
influent and the release of sodium ions from the resin.

A

increase, due to both the water volume contained in demineralizer 1A mixing with the condensate
influent and the release of sodium ions from the resin.

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19
Q

If water containing negatively charged ionic impurities passes through a mixed-bed ion exchanger, the
negatively charged ionic impurities will be removed by the __________ exchange resin, with the
corresponding release of __________ ions into the water.

A. anion; negative

B. anion; positive

C. cation; negative

D. cation; positive

A

anion; negative

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20
Q

How does demineralizer differential pressure indicate the condition of a demineralizer resin bed?

A. Low differential pressure indicates flow blockage in the demineralizer.

B. Low differential pressure indicates that the demineralizer resin bed is exhausted.

C. High differential pressure indicates flow blockage in the demineralizer.

D. High differential pressure indicates that the demineralizer resin bed is exhausted.

A

High differential pressure indicates flow blockage in the demineralizer.

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21
Q

A lower-than-expected differential pressure across a mixed-bed demineralizer is an indication of…

A. depletion of the resin.

B. channeling through the resin bed.

C. improper resin regeneration.

D. a decrease in inlet conductivity.

A

channeling through the resin bed.

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22
Q

As the operating time of a demineralizer resin bed increases, the differential pressure across the bed…

A. increases due to depletion of the resin ion exchange sites.

B. increases due to trapping of suspended solids.

C. decreases due to gradual resin breakdown.

D. decreases due to erosion of the resin ion exchange sites.

A

increases due to trapping of suspended solids.

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23
Q

Which one of the following will cause a large pressure drop across a demineralizer that is in operation?

A. Channeling of flow through the demineralizer.

B. Decrease in flow rate through the demineralizer.

C. Accumulation of suspended solids filtered by the resin beads.

D. Improper demineralizer venting after resin fill.

A

Accumulation of suspended solids filtered by the resin beads.

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24
Q

An indication that a demineralizer resin bed is clogged is a…

A. large pressure drop across the bed.

B. high flow rate through the bed.

C. temperature rise in the effluent.

D. large conductivity increase across the bed.

A

large pressure drop across the bed.

25
Q

A condensate demineralizer differential pressure (D/P) gauge indicates 4.0 psid at 50 percent flow
rate. Over the next two days plant power changes have caused condensate flow rate to vary between
25 and 100 percent.
Which one of the following combinations of condensate flow rate and demineralizer D/P, observed
during the power changes, indicates an increase in the accumulation of insoluble corrosion products in
the demineralizer?

Condensate
Flow Rate (%)

Demineralizer
D/P (psid)

A. 100% 15.0

B. 75% 9.0

C. 60% 5.0

D. 25% 2.0

A

25% 2.0

26
Q

A higher-than-expected differential pressure across an operating demineralizer can be caused by…

A. exhaustion of the cation exchange resin.

B. channeling through the resin bed.

C. insufficient resin backwash.

D. decreased demineralizer inlet conductivity.

A

insufficient resin backwash.

27
Q

A condensate demineralizer differential pressure (D/P) gauge indicates 6.0 psid at 50% flow rate.
Which one of the following combinations of condensate flow rate and demineralizer D/P observed at
various power levels over the next few days indicates an increase in the accumulation of insoluble
corrosion products in the demineralizer?

Condensate
Flow Rate

Demineralizer
D/P (psid)

A. 100% 23.5

B. 75% 16.5

C. 60% 8.5

D. 25% 1.5

A

75% 16.5

28
Q

A fresh demineralizer that continuously processes water with a high concentration of suspended solids
will first develop an increase in the…

A. conductivity at the demineralizer outlet.

B. decontamination factor of the demineralizer.

C. differential pressure across the demineralizer.

D. pH at the demineralizer outlet.

A

differential pressure across the demineralizer.

29
Q

A condensate demineralizer differential pressure (D/P) gauge indicates 4.0 psid at 50% flow rate.
Which one of the following combinations of condensate flow and demineralizer D/P observed at
various power levels over the next few days indicates an increase in the accumulation of insoluble
corrosion products in the demineralizer?

Condensate
Flow Rate

Demineralizer
D/P (psid)

A. 25% 0.9

B. 60% 6.3

C. 75% 8.7

D. 100% 15.6

A

60% 6.3

30
Q

A condensate demineralizer differential pressure (D/P) gauge indicates 4.0 psid at 50% flow rate.
Over the next two days plant power changes have caused condensate flow rate to vary between 25%
and 100%.
Which one of the following combinations of condensate flow and demineralizer D/P, observed during
the power changes, indicates an increase in the accumulation of insoluble corrosion products in the
demineralizer?

Condensate
Flow Rate

Demineralizer
D/P (psid)

A. 100% 15.0

B. 75% 9.0

C. 40% 3.0

D. 25% 1.0

A

40% 3.0

31
Q

Which one of the following describes a possible cause and effect associated with a lower-than-normal
differential pressure across a demineralizer during otherwise normal system flow conditions?

A. The resin has developed low resistance flow paths, which can decrease the decontamination factor
for the demineralizer.

B. The resin has developed low resistance flow paths, which can increase the decontamination factor
for the demineralizer.

C. The resin has become compacted, which can reduce the flow rate through the demineralizer and
decrease the decontamination factor for the demineralizer.

D. The resin has become compacted, which can reduce the flow rate through the demineralizer and
increase the decontamination factor for the demineralizer.

A

The resin has developed low resistance flow paths, which can decrease the decontamination factor
for the demineralizer.

32
Q

Which one of the following, if processed through a demineralizer, will rapidly reduce the effectiveness
of the demineralizer?

A. Oily water

B. Condensate

C. Makeup water

D. Radioactive water

A

Oily water

33
Q

A nuclear power plant has been operating normally at 100 percent power for one month and with the
same reactor coolant boron concentration for the last 24 hours.
Which one of the following changes associated with the in-service reactor coolant demineralizer will
reduce the reactor coolant boron concentration in the demineralizer effluent?

A. Increase the temperature of the reactor coolant being processed from 95°F to 105°F.

B. Decrease the temperature of the reactor coolant being processed from 105°F to 95°F.

C. Increase the flow rate of reactor coolant being processed from 75 gpm to 100 gpm.

D. Decrease the flow rate of reactor coolant being processed from 75 gpm to 50 gpm.

A

Decrease the temperature of the reactor coolant being processed from 105°F to 95°F.

34
Q

A nuclear power plant has two identical mixed resin reactor coolant ion exchangers, A and B, which
operated in parallel service continuously for two weeks of power operation immediately after a
refueling outage. Ion exchanger A was then removed from service while ion exchanger B remained
in service. After 10 months of continuous operation at full power, it is necessary to place ion
exchanger A in service and remove ion exchanger B from service.
Which one of the following describes why the effluent from ion exchanger A initially should be
drained to a collection facility prior to placing the ion exchanger in full service?

A. To prevent a rapid increase in reactor coolant pH.

B. To prevent a rapid decrease in reactor coolant pH.

C. To prevent a rapid increase in reactor coolant boron concentration.

D. To prevent a rapid decrease in reactor coolant boron concentration.

A

To prevent a rapid increase in reactor coolant boron concentration.

35
Q

A nuclear power plant has been operating at steady-state 100 percent power for one month, and with
the same reactor coolant boron concentration for the last 24 hours.
Which one of the following changes associated with an in-service reactor coolant letdown ion
exchanger will increase the reactor coolant boron concentration in the ion exchanger effluent?

A. Increase the temperature of the reactor coolant being processed from 95°F to 105°F.

B. Decrease the temperature of the reactor coolant being processed from 105°F to 95°F.

C. Increase the flow rate of reactor coolant being processed from 75 gpm to 100 gpm.

D. Decrease the flow rate of reactor coolant being processed from 75 gpm to 50 gpm.

A

Increase the temperature of the reactor coolant being processed from 95°F to 105°F.

36
Q

A mixed-bed ion exchanger is being used to process reactor coolant letdown. The ion exchanger is
boron-saturated for the existing reactor coolant conditions.
If reactor coolant letdown temperature decreases by 20°F, the total number of boron atoms occupying
the ion exchange sites will __________; and the boron concentration in the ion exchanger effluent will
__________.

A. increase; decrease

B. increase; increase

C. decrease; decrease

D. decrease; increase

A

increase; decrease

37
Q

A mixed-bed ion exchanger is being used to process reactor coolant letdown. The ion exchanger is
boron-saturated for the existing reactor coolant conditions. Which one of the following describes a
system change and resulting effect that will cause the boron concentration in the ion exchanger outlet
water to be greater than the boron concentration in the inlet water?

A. An increase in reactor coolant ionic impurities with higher relative affinities for the resin exchange
sites will displace borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

B. An increase in reactor coolant suspended solids with greater mass than the borate ions will
mechanically remove borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

C. A decrease in the temperature of the inlet water will lower the relative affinity of the resin for the
borate ions, which releases borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

D. A decrease in the flow rate through the ion exchanger will lower the retention capacity of the resin,
which releases borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

A

An increase in reactor coolant ionic impurities with higher relative affinities for the resin exchange
sites will displace borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

38
Q

A mixed-bed ion exchanger is being used to process reactor coolant letdown. The ion exchanger is
boron-saturated for the existing reactor coolant conditions.
Reactor coolant letdown temperature at the inlet to the ion exchanger increases by 15°F, while
remaining within the normal temperature range. Because of the temperature increase, the total
number of boron atoms occupying the ion exchange sites will __________; and the boron
concentration in the ion exchanger effluent will __________.

A. increase; decrease

B. increase; increase

C. decrease; decrease

D. decrease; increase

A

decrease; increase

39
Q

Reactor coolant system (RCS) purification mixed-bed ion exchanger A was removed from service and
isolated after several weeks of operation with an RCS boron concentration of 900 ppm. After it was
isolated, ion exchanger A was not processed in any way.
Currently, the RCS boron concentration is 450 ppm. If ion exchanger A is returned to service, the
RCS boron concentration will…

A. remain the same because the resin in ion exchanger A has already become saturated with boron
during previous operation.

B. remain the same because the resin in ion exchanger A has no affinity for the boron in the reactor
coolant.

C. increase until the volume of water in ion exchanger A mixes completely with the RCS.

D. increase until the resin in ion exchanger A reaches equilibrium with the existing RCS boron
concentration.

A

increase until the resin in ion exchanger A reaches equilibrium with the existing RCS boron
concentration.

40
Q

A mixed-bed ion exchanger is being used to process reactor coolant letdown. The ion exchanger is
boron-saturated for the existing reactor coolant conditions. Which one of the following describes a
system change and resulting effect that will cause the boron concentration in the ion exchanger outlet
water to be greater than the boron concentration in the inlet water?

A. An increase in the flow rate through the ion exchanger will lower the retention capacity of the
resin, which releases borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

B. An increase in reactor coolant suspended solids with greater mass than the borate ions will
mechanically remove borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

C. A decrease in the temperature of the inlet water will lower the relative affinity of the resin for the
borate ions, which releases borate ions from the resin exchange sites.

D. A decrease in reactor coolant boron concentration will cause captured borate ions to be released to
re-establish chemical equilibrium at the resin exchange sites.

A

A decrease in reactor coolant boron concentration will cause captured borate ions to be released to
re-establish chemical equilibrium at the resin exchange sites.

41
Q

Reactor coolant system (RCS) mixed-bed ion exchanger 1A was removed from service after several
months of operation with an RCS boron concentration of 550 ppm. Alternate mixed-bed ion
exchanger 1B is currently in service with an RCS boron concentration of 400 ppm.
Ion exchanger 1A was drained and refilled with reactor coolant having a boron concentration of 400
ppm in preparation for being returned to service to replace ion exchanger 1B.
When ion exchanger 1A is returned to service, its effluent boron concentration initially will be
__________ than its influent boron concentration because __________.

A. lower; ion exchanger 1A will continue to remove boron atoms from the reactor coolant as it flows
through the ion exchanger.

B. higher; some of the previously-captured boron atoms will be released as the reactor coolant flows
through ion exchanger 1A.

C. the same; for each boron atom removed from the reactor coolant by ion exchanger 1A, one boron
atom will be released.

D. the same; ion exchanger 1A is boron-saturated and cannot remove additional boron atoms from the
reactor coolant.

A

higher; some of the previously-captured boron atoms will be released as the reactor coolant flows
through ion exchanger 1A.

42
Q

Refer to the drawing of an operating reactor coolant system (RCS) purification system with a
mixed-bed ion exchanger (see figure below).
Initially, a nuclear power plant is operating at 100 percent power in the middle of a fuel cycle with
reactor coolant flowing through the purification system at 120 gpm. Then, valve C is repositioned to
reduce the reactor coolant flow rate to 60 gpm.
If no other valves are repositioned, the boron concentration of the reactor coolant returning to the RCS
will…

A. increase, because the ion exchanger is less effective at removing boron atoms from the reactor
coolant at higher reactor coolant temperatures.

B. increase, because the ion exchanger is less effective at removing boron atoms from the reactor
coolant at lower reactor coolant temperatures.

C. decrease, because the ion exchanger is more effective at removing boron atoms from the reactor
coolant at higher reactor coolant temperatures.

D. decrease, because the ion exchanger is more effective at removing boron atoms from the reactor
coolant at lower reactor coolant temperatures.

A

decrease, because the ion exchanger is more effective at removing boron atoms from the reactor
coolant at lower reactor coolant temperatures.

43
Q

Reactor coolant letdown is aligned with observable flow through a mixed-bed ion exchanger. If the
temperature of the reactor coolant letdown decreases from 110°F to 90°F, the boron concentration in
the ion exchanger effluent will __________; primarily due to the change in boron-removal
effectiveness of the __________ exchange resin.

A. increase; anion

B. increase; cation

C. decrease; anion

D. decrease; cation

A

decrease; anion

44
Q

What is the reason for bypassing a demineralizer due to high temperature?

A. Resins expand and restrict flow through the demineralizer.

B. Resins decompose and restrict flow through the demineralizer.

C. Resins decompose and create preferential flowpaths through the demineralizer.

D. Resins decompose and release resin particles into the flow.

A

Resins decompose and release resin particles into the flow.

45
Q

When a mixed-bed demineralizer resin is exhausted, the resin should be replaced or regenerated
because…

A. ions previously removed by the resin will be released into solution.

B. the resin will fracture and particles may escape through the retention screens.

C. particles previously filtered out of solution will be released.

D. the resin will physically bond together, thereby causing flow blockage.

A

ions previously removed by the resin will be released into solution.

46
Q

A demineralizer that has been exposed to excessively __________ should be bypassed because the
resin beads may release previously removed ions.

A. high flow rate

B. low flow rate

C. high temperature

D. low temperature

A

high temperature

47
Q

A result of proper demineralizer operation on water with ionic impurities is that the exiting water will
always have a…

A. higher pH.

B. lower pH.

C. higher conductivity.

D. lower conductivity.

A

lower conductivity.

48
Q

A mixed-bed ion exchanger is being used to process reactor coolant. The ion exchanger has been in
service for 6 months at 100 percent power. A temperature controller malfunction causes the ion
exchanger influent temperature to exceed the resin’s maximum temperature limit before being
manually restored to normal. Ion exchanger water chemistry analyses are being performed to check
for resin decomposition.
Which one of the following water chemistry test results does not indicate that significant resin
decomposition has occurred?

A. A significant decrease in the ion exchanger’s decontaminator factor.

B. A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s effluent conductivity.

C. A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s effluent radioactivity.

D. A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s effluent dissolved gases.

A

A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s effluent dissolved gases.

49
Q

Demineralizer 1A was removed from service after it became saturated with chloride ions while
processing condensate with 10 times the normal chloride concentration. Replacement demineralizer
1B has restored the condensate chloride concentration to normal. Demineralizer 1A has not been
processed in any way since being removed from service.
If demineralizer 1A is returned to service to replace demineralizer 1B, the downstream condensate
system chloride concentration will…

A. remain the same, because demineralizer 1A resin has already been conditioned by previous
operation.

B. remain the same, because demineralizer 1A resin can no longer remove chloride ions from the
condensate.

C. increase, only due to the volume of water contained in demineralizer 1A mixing with the incoming
condensate.

D. increase, due to both the volume of water contained in demineralizer 1A mixing with the incoming
condensate and the release of chloride ions from the resin.

A

increase, due to both the volume of water contained in demineralizer 1A mixing with the incoming
condensate and the release of chloride ions from the resin.

50
Q

A mixed-bed ion exchanger is being used to process reactor coolant. The ion exchanger has been in
service for 6 months at 100 percent power. A temperature controller malfunction causes the ion
exchanger influent temperature to exceed the resin’s maximum temperature limit before being
manually restored to normal. Ion exchanger water chemistry analyses are being performed to check
for resin decomposition.
Which one of the following water chemistry test results would indicate that significant resin
decomposition has occurred?

A. A significant decrease in the ion exchanger’s effluent conductivity.

B. A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s effluent radioactivity.

C. A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s decontamination factor.

D. A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s effluent dissolved gases.

A

A significant increase in the ion exchanger’s effluent radioactivity

51
Q

A demineralizer should be removed from service if the demineralizer differential pressure is
__________ than the established limit, or if the demineralizer decontamination factor is __________
than the established limit.

A. less; less

B. less; greater

C. greater; less

D. greater; greater

A

greater; less

52
Q

Prior to a scheduled nuclear power plant shutdown, the reactor coolant system was chemically
shocked to induce a crud burst. What effect will the crud burst have on the reactor coolant letdown
ion exchangers?

A. Decreased radiation levels around the ion exchangers.

B. Increased flow rate through the ion exchangers.

C. Decreased ion exchanger outlet conductivity.

D. Increased pressure drop across the ion exchangers.

A

Increased pressure drop across the ion exchangers.

53
Q

Prior to a scheduled nuclear power plant shutdown, the reactor coolant system was chemically
shocked to induce a crud burst. What effect will the crud burst have on the in-service reactor coolant
letdown ion exchangers?

A. Decreased ion exchanger outlet conductivity.

B. Decreased pressure drop across the ion exchangers.

C. Increased flow rate through the ion exchangers.

D. Increased radiation levels around the ion exchangers.

A

Increased radiation levels around the ion exchangers.

54
Q

A nuclear power plant was operating at steady-state 100 percent power when the reactor coolant
system experienced a large crud burst. After 20 minutes, the operators begin to record parameters for
the in-service reactor coolant purification ion exchanger.
Assuming no additional operator actions, what trend will the recorded parameters show during the
next few hours?

A. Increasing flow rate through the ion exchanger.

B. Increasing pressure drop across the ion exchanger.

C. Increasing ion exchanger inlet water conductivity.

D. Increasing ion exchanger outlet water conductivity.

A

Increasing pressure drop across the ion exchanger.

55
Q

After 12 months of operation at 100 percent power, a reactor was shut down and a plant cooldown is in
progress. An operator reports that the general area radiation level near the in-service reactor coolant
ion exchanger has increased significantly since the cooldown began several hours ago.
Which one of the following is a typical cause of these indications, resulting from the cooldown?

A. Increased radioactive tritium in the reactor coolant.

B. Increased radioactive oxygen-16 dissolved in the reactor coolant.

C. Increased radioactive nitrogen-16 dissolved in the reactor coolant.

D. Increased radioactive corrosion products suspended in the reactor coolant.

A

Increased radioactive corrosion products suspended in the reactor coolant.

56
Q

During a nuclear power plant cooldown, the reactor experiences a large crud burst. After 10 minutes,
with stable reactor coolant chemistry parameters, the operators begin to record parameters for the
in-service reactor coolant purification ion exchanger. The ion exchanger was recently filled with
fresh resin.
Assuming no additional operator actions, what trend will the recorded parameters show during the
next few hours?

A. Increasing ion exchanger inlet water conductivity.

B. Increasing ion exchanger outlet water conductivity.

C. Increasing flow rate through the ion exchanger.

D. Increasing radiation levels around the ion exchanger.

A

Increasing radiation levels around the ion exchanger.

57
Q

A nuclear power plant is operating at 70 percent steady-state power level when the temperature of the
reactor coolant letdown passing through a boron-saturated mixed-bed ion exchanger decreases by
20°F.
As a result, the boron concentration in the effluent of the ion exchanger will __________ because the
ability of the ion exchanger to remove boron atoms has __________.

A. decrease; increased

B. decrease; decreased

C. increase; increased

D. increase; decreased

A

decrease; increased

58
Q

A nuclear power plant is operating at steady-state 70 percent power when the temperature of the
reactor coolant letdown passing through a boron-saturated mixed-bed ion exchanger increases by
20°F.
As a result, the boron concentration in the effluent of the ion exchanger will __________ because the
ability of the ion exchanger to remove boron atoms has __________.

A. decrease; decreased

B. decrease; increased

C. increase; decreased

D. increase; increased

A

increase; decreased

59
Q

Which one of the following indicates that a demineralizer receiving 75 gpm of reactor coolant is
boron-saturated?

A. The decontamination factor of the demineralizer is less than 1.0.

B. The decontamination factor of the demineralizer is greater than 1.0.

C. After a demineralizer inlet temperature increase, demineralizer effluent boron concentration
exceeds influent boron concentration.

D. After a demineralizer inlet temperature increase, demineralizer influent boron concentration
exceeds effluent boron concentration.

A

After a demineralizer inlet temperature increase, demineralizer effluent boron concentration
exceeds influent boron concentration.

TEST (22 decks)

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