Delta 3 Flashcards
3 step test for SO/ any palsy
1- identify the hyoertropic eye( relative)
2-hypertropia increasing in which gaze?
3-hypertropia improves on which head tilt
B/l small pupil ( miosis) with no pupillary rxn in dark room
a. Holmes adies pupil
b. Horners syndrome
c. Blind eye
d. ARP
A. Aka tonic pupil i/l mydriasis B. Miosis usually u/l and should have other features too ptosis anhydrosis C.b/l pupil unable to constrict Ans is D. ARP Mcc neurosyphlis Lesion bw pretectal and EWN
Enlargement of blind spot seen in
Papilledema Glaucoma ON drusen ( calcific deposit on ON) Papillitis Retrobulbar mass Coloboma of ON( inability to develop) Inverted OD Progressive myopia with temporal crescent
Boat shaped hemorrhage ( ant. To retina such that hemorrhage hides retinal details)
Vitreous hemorrhage
Vitreous is avasular so source of bleeding is retinal vessels( trauma)and retinal neovessels(diabetic retinopathy) will hemorrhage and blood leaked out will be collected into vitreous
Mcc of recurrent vitreous hemorrhage = Eales disease
Tt endophotocoagulation
Vitrectomy
Only part of eye having lymphatic drainage
Conjunctiva ( medial = submandibular
Lateral preauricular LN ) tears flow direction
Goblet cells are found in
Conjunctival epithelium secreate mucin forming inner most layer of tear film( adhesion of tear film)
1 lipid 2. Aqueous 3. Mucin
Deficiency of water= keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Angle of AC structures(structures visible on gonioscopy)
I Cannot See This Stuff ( on slit lamp so gonioscopy req)
Root of iris ( see. On gonioscopy) CB ( posterior most part) Scleral spur Trabecular mesh work Schwalbes line ( termination of descmids menbrane )—> related to cornea therefore it is anterior most part
Gonioscopy is c/ i in a dilated pupil
Principal - overcome TIR
Most refractory surface of eye
Ant surface of cornea
Indirect opthalmology can be used in hazyMedia
True 20 D convex lens used Arms length dist field of view30° Real nd INverted img ( INdirect opth)
Toric Lenses are used in
Tt of accommodative inertia
Regular astigmatism
Irregular astigmatism doesnt have ant Tt
Atropine( relax the muscle spasm)
Steroids can be given in which herpetic lesion
Disciform keratitis( stromal and endothelial keratitis)
C/ i of steroid is epithelial lesions : geographical, superficial punctate , dendritic, fungal ulcer—> leads to thinning of cornea)
Post LASIk Sx IOP
LASIK —> thinning of cornea by burning excimer laser used ( photo ablation)
goldman IOP measure P=F/A thickness of cornea decreased so force required will be reduced > false low iop
Thin cornea = false low
Thick cornea = false high IOP
Tonometry of choice here is dynamic contour/ pascal tonometry
Optic disc drusen
Cause of altitudinal vf defects( arcuate vf defects ) Goa; glaucoma, OD drusen, AION
OD drusen is a calcific deposit at optic disc. Harmless with normal vision
Power of an IOL should be increased
. As the power of cornea decreases and axial length decreases(hypermetropic state) power of lens required is more (+),
Myopia: power of IOL implanted is less and hyper metro Pia power of iol implanted is more
Bitots spots
Apper on conjunctiva mainly on temporal side
Triangular, foamy appearing
Mainly composed of keratin admixture with gas forming bacteria cornybacterium xerosis ( lead to foamy appearance like someone has spit on conjunctiva)
Develop in xerophthalmia if not treated
