Delivery Methods Flashcards
*Explain the 4 key areas that define a good coaching session * Understand the spectrum of teaching styles and when to apply them *Understand how different learning styles affect coaching * Describe and apply evaluation and reflection processes to coaching
What are the 4 key areas of an effective coaching session?
Preparation
Delivery and Implementation
Feedback and Assessment
Management
Muska Mosston conceptualised the spectrum of teaching style. What are the 6 premises that this structure is based on?
Axiom -that teaching behavior is a chain of decision making
Anatomy of any style- 3 different decision categories must be made
Decision makers- both teacher and learners
Spectrum- 11 teaching-learning approaches
Clusters - two basic human Capacity for Reproduction and Capacity for Production). Cluster A-E represents teaching options that foster reproduction of past knowledge. Custer F-K represents options that invite production of new knowledge (to learner, to teacher, even society)
Development effects (physical, social, emotional, cognitive, moral
What does the O-T-L-O relationships explain?
The Interaction between teacher and learner reflects the bond - among objectives, teaching behaviours, learning behaviours and outcomes
What is the ‘Slanting rope effect’ in the Inclusion style
Learners select task with some degree of challenge, self check, decide on entry points and when to move on to next higher level.
In the T-L-O relationship, what are the two sets of objectives in any teacher-learner interaction?
Subject matter objectives
Behaviour objectives
What are the teaching styles in the production cluster within the spectrum of teaching style?
Style F: Guided discovery ( learners discover by answering sequence of questions presented by coach, leading , to a predetermined target)
Style G: Convergent (by employing logical procedures, reasoning and critical thinking) To discover a single answer
Style H: Divergent discovery (multiple responses to a single problem
Style I: Learner-designed individual programme (design, develop,perform series of tasks, organised in personal prlogramme), coach only provides general subject matter
Style J: learner-initiated choose a learning experience that is familiar and initiate own learning
Style K: Self teaching Independent learner who maximize own learning experience
What are the teaching styles in the PRODUCTION cluster within the spectrum of teaching style?
Style F:Guided discovery ( learners discover by answering sequence of questions presented by coach, leading , to a predetermined target)
Style G: Convergent (by employing logical procedures, reasoning and critical thinking) To discover a single solution
Style H: Divergent discovery (multiple responses to a single problem)
Style I: Learner -designed individual programme (design, develop,perform series of tasks, organised in personal programme). Coach only provides a general subject matter
Style J: Learner-initiated (Athlete choose a learning experience that he is familiar with and initiates own learning. Coach evaluation with athlete based on agreed criteria)
Style K: Self-teaching (independent learner who can maximise own learning experience. Coach has no direct involvement)
Clear explanation Good demo Question and responds appropriately Effective organisation of activities Arouses and sustain athletes’ interest Uses voice and language appropriately Use of technology …..these are example of ________
Good Delivery / implementation
To be effective coaching session, what are some examples of good management ?
Good recordkeeping
Team rules and routines are set out and enforced effectively
Maintain a positive style of discipline
Establish good rapport and interaction with athletes and parents or other stakeholders
What does it mean by Environmental Context in the Gentile’s Taxonomy?
refers to the specific physical location where a skill is performed.
3 features:
- Supporting surface where person performs the skill
- the objects involved in the skill
- the other people involved in the performance situation
Two Characteristics of Environmental Context
- Regulatory conditions:
those features of the environment that specify movements a person must implement to successfully perform a task
- Intertrial variability:
Change in regulatory conditions from one trial to the next when performiing the same action
Two Characteristics of Function of Actions
Body Orientation (changing or maintaining of body location)
Object Manipulation (maintaining or changing the position of an object)
what does the term Intertrial variability mean in Gentile’s Taxonomy?
an environmental characteristic in Gentile’s taxonomy of motor skills
The terms refers to whether the regulatory conditions associated with the performance of a skill in the one situation for for one trial are present or absent in the next trial
According to Fleming and Mills (1992), what is the widely used classification model?
VARK classification model
Visual
Aural
Read/write
Kinesthetic
What is ZPD zone of proximal development (Vygotsky 2010)?
Human functions that have yet to mature and are in embryonic state
To apply the Zone of Proximal Development, what kind of classification system for movement is used?
Gentile’s Taxonomy,a two dimensional classification system for movement whereby one dimension focuses on environment context and the other on function of action
Name the five dimensions/considerations of LEARNING STYLES (Dunn 2000).
Environment
Emotion support
Physiological V. A. R. K.
Social Composition
Psychological
What are the 2 general characteristics in Gentile’s two-dimensions taxonomy?
Environmental context-in which the person performs the skill
Function of the action-characterizing the skill-this yield 16 skill categories
Example of “Moving, no intertrial variability, no object manipulation”
Passing basketballs to a moving player running the same pattern several times without a ball
Example of Moving, intertrial varability, with object manipulation
Walking on a treadmill at different speeds while reading a book
Catching softballs thrown at various speeds by a pitching machine
What is meant by Body Orientation?
1 Body stability: action goal does not involve moving the body from one location to another
- Body transport: action goal involves changing body location
Task Example: applying Gentile’s model, which level of difficulty are these tasks? 1A……..4D?
Standing on a flat surface with arms held out to your sides
Doing sit-ups on a flat surface
1A
Task Example: applying Gentile’s model, which level of difficulty are these tasks? 1A……..4D?
Cutting vegetables with a knife on a cutting board
Polishing silveware
2B
Task Example: applying Gentile’s model, which level of difficulty are these tasks? 1A……..4D?
Practising a dance routine that must be timed with a partner with whom you have no contact
Walking on a moving escalator
3C
Task Example: applying Gentile’s model, which level of difficulty are these tasks? 1A……..4D?
Walking on crutches on a clear hallway
Dribbling a soccer ball with no defenders
3D
Task Example: applying Gentile’s model, which level of difficulty are these tasks? 1A……..4D?
Standing in a moving bus
Riding a horse on a country lane
4A
Task Example: applying Gentile’s model, which level of difficulty are these tasks? 1A……..4D?
Standing on a moving escalator while drinking coffee
Doing tricks with a yo-yo
3B
Task Example: applying Gentile’s model, which level of difficulty are these tasks? 1A……..4D?
Timing your swing at baseballs pitched by a machine without using a bat
Standing on a mving escalator
3A
What types of feedback can coach give?
- Intrinsic feedback by the athlete
- Extrinsic feedback from the environment, coach or stopwatch, also known as augmented feedback. Knowledge of performance (KP) and Knowledge of results (KR)
Factors to consider when providing feedback:
Both positive and negative feedback given
Timing is critical, take account of Post feedback delay
Frequency (esp to experienced athlete should not be too often)
Precision (Beginner learners will require more detailed frequent feedback-Presciptive feedback) than experienced athletes (descriptive feedback)
what strategies can coaches use to effectively reflect and evaluate?
Keep and maintain a coaching diary
Make video recordings of training sessions
Other resources such as hardware/software, portable device app, lecture notes, quotes, speeches, articles, diagrams, personal notes
Five key dimensions of learning styles (Dunn 2000)
Environment (sound light, temperature seating arrangement)
Emotional support (Motivational support, Persistence, Individual responsibility, Structure)
Social composition ( Pair or Team)
Physiological V.A.R.K (Perceptual, Food intake, Time, Mobility)
Psychological (Global, Analytical, Implusive, Reflective)
What are the teaching styles under the Reproduction Cluster intented for replicate specific skills and knowledge?
Command/ Practice/ Reciprocal/ Self-Check/ Inclusion
