Degenerative vs. Inflammatory Joint Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference in age of onset?

A
  • RA at any point (peaks at 30-40)

- OA later in life

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2
Q

What is the difference in speed of onset?

A
RA rapid (weeks to months)
OA slowly (over years)
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3
Q

What are the differences in joint symptoms?

A

RA - painful, swollen, stiff

OA - ache, tender, little/no swelling

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4
Q

What are the differences in the patterns of joints affected?

A
  • RA symmetrical = small and large joints

- OA unsymmetrical = begins on 1 side and spreads to other, 1 set of joints limited to, large weight bearing joints

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5
Q

How long does joint morning stiffness last for each?

A
RA = longer than 1 hour
OA = less than 1 hour, returns at end of day or after period of inactivity
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6
Q

What is the difference in the presence of symptoms?

A
  • RA frequent fatigue, general feeling of being ill

- OA no systemic symptom

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7
Q

What nodes do you get in OA?

A
  • Heberden’s nodes = bony outgrowths on DIPs

- Bouchard’s nodes = bony outgrowths of PIPs

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8
Q

What are the risk factors of OA?

A
  • age
  • obesity (especially at knee)
  • abnormal mechanical loading (dysplasia)
  • inherited type II collagen defects in premature polyarticular OA
  • inheritance in nodal and erosive OA
  • occupation (farmers)
  • other arthritic conditions
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9
Q

What are the causes of primary OA?

A
  • idiopathic
  • generalised
  • erosive
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10
Q

What are the causes of secondary OA?

A
  • prior inflammatory disease (RA)
  • due to mechanical congruity (dysplasia)
  • endocrine disorders (diabetes, acromegaly)
  • metabolic disorders
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11
Q

What are the physical signs in OA?

A
  • crepitus
  • osteophytes
  • deformity
  • instability
  • restricted movement
  • effusion
  • muscle weakness/wasting
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12
Q

How can anaemia of chronic disease present as a result of RA?

A
  • hypochromic normocytic anaemia
  • dysregulation of iron homeostasis
  • impaired proliferation of erythoid progenitor cells
  • shortened lifespan of RBC
  • decreased iron availability for RBC production
  • blunted EPO response
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13
Q

What are the 4 signs on a radiograph for OA?

A
  • cartilage loss (joint space narrowing)
  • osteophytes
  • subchondral sclerosis
  • trabeculae fractures/subchondral cysts
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14
Q

What is erosive OA?

A
  • more inflammatory form of OA
  • confused with RA
  • erosions of cartilage in DIP and PIP
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15
Q

What joints does RA commonly affect?

A
  • PIPs, MCP, carpals

- can affect any synovial joint but mostly small

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