Defintions Flashcards
What is a reflex hallucination?
A stimulus in one sensory modality produces a hallucination in another eg. When a lady smells oranges she hears music
What is synaesthesia?
A neurological condition that results in a merging of senses that aren’t usually connected
What are functional hallucinations?
Hallucinations where an external stimulus provokes a hallucination
What is an illusion?
A misinterpreted perception of a sensory experience
What are kinaesthetic hallucinations?
Hallucinations involving bodily movements
What is made affect?
The sensation of ones emotional response being controlled externally ie. being ‘made to feel’
This is a form of passivity phenomena
What is an autochthonous delusion?
Delusions that appear to arise suddenly, out of the blue. They are indistinguishable from the sudden arrival of a normal idea
What is delusional atmosphere?
The sense of something being wrong with the world, it may go on to crystallise into a more structured belief
What is a delusional percept?
A delusional belief arising from the perception of a true stimulus
What is a pareidolic illusion?
Images being seen from shapes such as seeing a face in a cloud formation. Experienced by lots of normal people!
What are extra-campine hallucinations?
Hallucinations experienced outside the limits of the sensory field ie. beyond the range of audibility
What is Mitgehen?
A disorder of volition - interviewer is able to move the limbs of a patient with only fingertip pressure
What is automatic obedience?
Patient carries out every command in a literal concrete fashion
What is echopraxia?
Patient imitates the interviewers every motion
What is advertance?
Patient turns towards the examiner in a bizarre exaggerated way
What is formication?
Sensation of insects crawling on or under the skin - commonly associated with delirium and alcohol withdrawal
What is Jamais vu?
Patient knows they have been in a situation before however it feels unfamiliar
Jamais vu and deja vu originate in the mediobasal temporal lobe
What is neurasthenia?
Ill-defined medical condition characterised by fatigue, headache, irritability and emotional disturbance.
This continues to appear as a category in ICD-10 but it is omitted from lots of classification systems.
What is aschemazia?
The absence of body image - any result from loss of afferent and efferent innervation
What is Gedankenlautwerden?
Hearing ones thoughts spoken out loud before or as you are thinking them
What is Echo de la pensee?
Hearing ones thoughts after they have occurred ie. thought echo
What is an autoscopic hallucination?
Experience of seeing a hallucinatory double or mirror-image of self. Usually. Usual but may be tactile or kinaesthetic
What is paraschemazia?
Distortion of body image - feeling as though parts of the body are distorted or twisted
Hyperschemazia is where the person feels parts of their body are magnified in size and hyposchemazia is obviously the opposite
What is hemisomatognosia?
A body image distortion in which the person feels that one half of their body is missing
What is anosognosia?
Lack of awareness of disability - may occur with neglect of of a hemiplegic limb
What is autoprosopagnosia?
A particular form of agnosia (difficultly in recognising objects) in which there is loss of recognition of ones own face
What is palinopsia?
Perseveration of a visual sensation eg. Woman seeing the trace of an object as it moves around
What is Witzelsucht?
Compulsive need to make inappropriate jokes and act childishly
What is Anton’s syndrome?
Patients are critically blind but adamantly refuse to accept this. Usually occurs due to brain damage in the occipital lobe.
What is the difference between mannerisms and stereotypies?
Mannerisms are odd but purposeful movements that are goal directed. Stereotypies are non-goal directed.
What is verbigeration?
Repetition of meaningless phrases and sentences. Logoclonia is the perseveration of the last syallable of the last word (usually a sign of an organic disorder).
What is Gegenhalten?
Disorder of volition. Negativism - patient resists any attempts by examiner to move the body
What is dichotomous thinking?
Black and white thinking
What is palinopsia?
Reappearance of material just perceived. Image persists even though the original stimulus has gone.
