definitions/ terms

Question 1

isotopes

Answer 1

atom with the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons

Question 2

radioisotopes

Answer 2

give off radioactive rays

Question 3

atomic number (Z)

Answer 3

number of protons in the nucleus

Question 4

mass number (A)

Answer 4

number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 5

photon

Answer 5

a unit of quantum light or energy

Question 6

bands on spectrum

Answer 6

electrons falling from higher to lower n (emiting a photon)

Question 7

do electrons orbit around the nucleus

Answer 7

NO

Question 8

octet rule

Answer 8

atoms and ions are stable if they have a noble gas

Question 9

ionic

Answer 9

metal atoms gives up electrons to a more electronegative atom

Question 10

covalent

Answer 10

electrons are shared

Question 11

formal charge

Answer 11

valence electrons -(non-bonding e- + bonds)

Question 12

electron density

Answer 12

region with a negative charge

Question 13

ionic bonds

Answer 13

> 1.7

Question 14

polar bonds

Answer 14

0.5-1.7

Question 15

non-polar bonds

Answer 15

<0.5

Question 16

valence bond theory

Answer 16

states that atomic orbitals overlap to form a new orbital with a pair of opposite spin electrons

Question 17

hybridization

Answer 17

combination of atomic orbitals to create a new set of orbitals

Question 18

hybrid orbital

Answer 18

orbital that forms from the combination of at least 2 different orbitals