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Part 2/3 > Definitions COPY > Flashcards

Definitions COPY Flashcards

1
Q

sensory impulses from the periphery to the posterior horn of the spinal cord

A

afferent

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2
Q

the perception of pain from a normally non-painful stimulus

A

Allodynia

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3
Q

pathological fusion of bones across a joint

A

Ankylosis

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4
Q

made up of any two vertebral bodies and an IVD; weight bearing

A

Anterior Motion Segment

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5
Q

type II nerve injury disruption of not only the myelin sheath but the axon as well.

A

Axonotmesis

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6
Q

released from damaged muscle tissue; inflammatory process and sensitizes nociceptors

A

Bradykinin

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7
Q

small slow non myelinated nerves carrying pain sensation; nociceptors

A

C fibers

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8
Q

is a progressive deformation of a structure under a constant, steadily applied load. when a load is applied to a viscoelastic structure, it immediately deforms under the lead

A

Creep

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9
Q

innervate the skin and intrinsic muscles of the back

A

Dorsal rami

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10
Q

seen inn nerve root compression; pain pattern follows course of a dermatome; sharp or burning pain; radicular pain

A

Dermatogenous pain pattern

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11
Q

motor impulses form the anterior horn of the spinal cord to the periphery

A

Efferent

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12
Q

the tendency of tissue under load to return to its original size and shape after removal of the load. Ex. Rubber bands and ligaments

A

Elasticity

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13
Q

CT that surrounds individual nerve fibers

A

Endoneurium

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14
Q

CT that surrounds entire nerve and its major branches

A

Epineurium

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15
Q

responsible for directions of motion (directional guidance)

A

Facets

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16
Q

increase in afferent stimuli causes a decreased threshold for firing. continued stimulation result in hyperactive stimulated

A

Facilitation

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17
Q

receptors located at the end of muscle that detect muscle tension inhibits muscle contraction when stimulated

A

Golgi tendon Organ GTO

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18
Q

treats patients with heavily diluted preparations primarily from plant and mineral sources

A

Homeopathy

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19
Q

presence of excess blood in the vessels supplying a particular region of the body hyper-active responses (hypersympathicotonia)

A

Hyperemia

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20
Q

loss of energy when the disc or other viscoelastic structures are subjected to repetitive cycles of loading and unloading. It absorbs or dissipation of energy by a distorted structure.

A

Hysteresis

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21
Q

intra-articular synovial tabs; may prevent a joint from having full mobility

A

Meniscoid

22
Q

functional unit of the spine consisting of two vertebral bodies, the disc in between those bodies, the articular facets as well as the ligaments binding the two vertebrae to one another. The vertebral bodies and the disc make up the anterior motion segment, while the posterior motion segment consists of the articular facets

A

Motion segment

23
Q

a receptor that is sensitive to the length (stretch) of intrafusal fiber

A

Muscle Spindle

24
Q

Type 1 nerve injury involves a reversible conduction block characterized by local ischemia and selective demyelination of the axon sheath

A

Neurapraxia

25
Q

Type III nerve injury most severe form of nerve injury complete nerve division and disruption of the endoneurium

A

Neurotmesis

26
Q

sensory receptors sensitive to pain

A

Nociceptor

27
Q

“rule of the artery” nonspecific manipulation to enhance the flow of the blood

A

Osteopathy

28
Q

CT that surrounds smaller bundles of nerve fibers

A

Perineurium

29
Q

The property of a material that instantly deforms when a load is applied and does not return to its original shape when the load is removed

A

Plasticity

30
Q

articular facets: responsible for directional guidance; mechanoreceptors and nociceptors surround the posterior motion segment

A

Posterior Motion Segment

31
Q

receptors in muscles, tendons, and joints that detect position and motion of the body

A

Proprioceptors

32
Q

Pain originating from a sclerotome. Commonly seen in injury to the facets or SI joints; pain is dull in nature; poorly localized

A

Sclerotogenous pain

33
Q

recurrent branches of the primary dorsal rami of the spinal nerves that innervate the fascia, ligaments, periosteum, intervertrbal joint and IVD of the vertebrae

A

Sini-vertebral Nerve (AKA recurrent meningeal nerve)

34
Q

essentially refers to skin, bone, nerve, and muscle

A

Soma (somatic

35
Q

related to growth and nutrition

A

Trophic

36
Q

run through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae (beginning at C6)

A

vertebral arteries

37
Q

innervate the skin and muscles of the trunk and limbs

A

ventral rami

38
Q

essentially refers to autonomic organs blood lymph vessels

A

Viscera (visceral)

39
Q

the principle that maintains the laws of physics and chemistry cannot explain the nature of life.

A

vitalism

40
Q

bone is shaped by the forces placed on it or the lack of force as in immobilization

A

Wolff’s Law

41
Q

the trunk of a nerve sends branches to a particular muscle, the joint moved by the muscle and the skin overlying the insertion of the muscle. Altered nerve activity to a muscle may be associated with altered nerve activity to the segmentally related spinal joints

A

Hilton’s Law

42
Q

increased epiphyseal pressure leads to decreased growth and vice versa

A

Heuter-Volkman’s Law

43
Q

Anterior horn of the cord is motor while the posterior horn is sensory

A

Bell-Magendie

44
Q

firm but giving; resistance builds with lengthening; like stretching a piece of leather normal: close-packed position of the joint abnormal: capsular fibrosis

A

Capsular - end feel

45
Q

palpates as abrupt hard block with no end play with a normal ROM normal: knee extension abnormal: chronic whiplash

A

Ligamentous - end feel

46
Q

giving, squeezing quality; results from the approximation of soft tissues; typically painless normal: elbow flexion abnormal: muscle hypertrophy; soft tissue swelling

A

Soft tissue approximation - end feel

47
Q

hard, non-giving abrupt stop as two surfaces meet normal: elbow extension abnormal: bony exostosis (DJD)

A

bony - end feel

48
Q

firm but giving; builds with elongation; palpates as deep, taut and tender fibers. exhibits restricted mobility and a rubbery end block. normal: hip flexion

A

muscular - end feel

49
Q

guarded, resisted by muscle contraction; muscle reaction should be felt. the end feel cannot be assed because of pain or guarding EX: hypermobilty/instabilty

A

muscle spasm - end feel

50
Q

normal send feel resistance is missing; end feel is not encountered at normal point, or the joint demonstrates unusual give EX pain is felt before full ROM is achieved

A

empty - end feel

51
Q

bouncy, spring quality EX meniscal tear, joint mice

A

interarticular - end feel

Part 2/3 (8 decks)

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