Definitions C

Question 1

Carbocation

Answer 1

An ion that contains a positively charged carbon atom.

Question 2

Catalyst

Answer 2

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the process. A catalyst provides an alternative route for the reaction with a lower activation energy.

Question 3

Cation

Answer 3

A positively charged ion

Question 4

Chain reaction

Answer 4

A reaction in which the propagation steps release new radicals that contain the reaction

Question 5

cis-trans isomerism

Answer 5

A special type of E/Z isomerism in which there are two non-hydrogen groups and two hydrogen atoms around the carbon-carbon double bond
Cis isomer (Z) = has a hydrogen atoms on each carbon on the same sides
Trans isomer ( E) = has hydrogen atoms on each carbon on different sides

Question 6

Closed system

Answer 6

A system isolated from its surroundings

Question 7

Collision theory

Answer 7

Two reacting particles must collide for a reaction to occur, and must be in the correct orientation and have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy of the reaction

Question 8

Covalent bonding

Answer 8

The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms