Definitions A

Question 1

acid

Answer 1

A species that releases H+ ions in aqueous solution.

Question 2

Activation energy, Ea

Answer 2

The minimum energy required to start reaction by the breaking of bonds.

Question 3

Actual yield

Answer 3

The amount of product obtained from a reaction

Question 4

Addition polymerisation

Answer 4

Formation of a very long molecular chain (additional polymer), by repeated addition reactions of many unsaturated alkene molecules (monomers)

Question 5

Addition Reaction

Answer 5

A reaction in which a reactive is added to an unsaturated molecule to make one saturated molecule.

Question 6

Adsorption

Answer 6

The process that occurs when a gas or liquid or solute is held to the surface of a solid.

Question 7

Alicyclic

Answer 7

Containing carbon atoms joined together in a room that is not aromatic.

Question 8

Aliphatic

Answer 8

Containing carbon atoms joined together in unbranched (straight) or branched chains.

Question 9

Alkali

Answer 9

A type of base that dissolves in water to release hydroxide ions, OH- (aq).

Question 10

Alkane

Answer 10

The hydrocarbon Homologous series with the general formula CnH2n+2

Question 11

Alkene

Answer 11

The hydrocarbon Homologous series with double carbon-carbon bonds and the general formula CnH2n

Question 12

Alkynes

Answer 12

The hydrocarbon Homologous series with triple carbon-carbon bonds and the general formula CnH2n-2

Question 13

Alkyl group

Answer 13

A side chain formed by removing a hydrogen atom from an alkane parent chain. Any alkyl group is often shown as ‘R’

Question 14

Amount of substance, n

Answer 14

number of entities (atoms, molecules, ions electrons etc) present in a solution

Question 15

Anhydrous

Answer 15

Containing no water molecules

Question 16

Anion

Answer 16

A negatively charged ion

Question 17

Aromatic

Answer 17

Containing one or more benzene rings

Question 18

Atom Economy

Answer 18

Sum of desired product/ all of products (molar masses)

Question 19

Atomic number z

Answer 19

The number of protons in an atom

Question 20

Atomic orbital

Answer 20

A region around the nucleus that holds up to 2 electrons, with opposite spins.

Question 21

Average bond enthaply

Answer 21

The average enthalpy change that takes place when breaking by homolytic fission one mole of a given type of bond in the molecules of a gaseous species.

Question 22

Avogadro constant

Answer 22

6.02*10^23, the number of atoms per mole of carbon-12

Question 23

Avogadro hypothesis

Answer 23

Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the sum number of molecules.