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AS Chemistry > Definitions A > Flashcards

Definitions A Flashcards

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1
Q

acid

A

A species that releases H+ ions in aqueous solution.

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2
Q

Activation energy, Ea

A

The minimum energy required to start reaction by the breaking of bonds.

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3
Q

Actual yield

A

The amount of product obtained from a reaction

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4
Q

Addition polymerisation

A

Formation of a very long molecular chain (additional polymer), by repeated addition reactions of many unsaturated alkene molecules (monomers)

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5
Q

Addition Reaction

A

A reaction in which a reactive is added to an unsaturated molecule to make one saturated molecule.

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6
Q

Adsorption

A

The process that occurs when a gas or liquid or solute is held to the surface of a solid.

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7
Q

Alicyclic

A

Containing carbon atoms joined together in a room that is not aromatic.

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8
Q

Aliphatic

A

Containing carbon atoms joined together in unbranched (straight) or branched chains.

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9
Q

Alkali

A

A type of base that dissolves in water to release hydroxide ions, OH- (aq).

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10
Q

Alkane

A

The hydrocarbon Homologous series with the general formula CnH2n+2

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11
Q

Alkene

A

The hydrocarbon Homologous series with double carbon-carbon bonds and the general formula CnH2n

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12
Q

Alkynes

A

The hydrocarbon Homologous series with triple carbon-carbon bonds and the general formula CnH2n-2

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13
Q

Alkyl group

A

A side chain formed by removing a hydrogen atom from an alkane parent chain. Any alkyl group is often shown as ‘R’

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14
Q

Amount of substance, n

A

number of entities (atoms, molecules, ions electrons etc) present in a solution

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15
Q

Anhydrous

A

Containing no water molecules

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16
Q

Anion

A

A negatively charged ion

17
Q

Aromatic

A

Containing one or more benzene rings

18
Q

Atom Economy

A

Sum of desired product/ all of products (molar masses)

19
Q

Atomic number z

A

The number of protons in an atom

20
Q

Atomic orbital

A

A region around the nucleus that holds up to 2 electrons, with opposite spins.

21
Q

Average bond enthaply

A

The average enthalpy change that takes place when breaking by homolytic fission one mole of a given type of bond in the molecules of a gaseous species.

22
Q

Avogadro constant

A

6.02*10^23, the number of atoms per mole of carbon-12

23
Q

Avogadro hypothesis

A

Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the sum number of molecules.

AS Chemistry (19 decks)

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