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Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Strabismus

A

misalignment of the eyes

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2
Q

Nystagmus

A

reflexive rapid movement of the eyeballs, often in response to turning the head

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3
Q

Myopia

A

decrease ability to see for distances

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4
Q

Presbyopia

A

difficulty with accommodation (ability to see something at a far distance and then quickly focus on something in close range, and vice versa)

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5
Q

Oculomotor Function

A

describes motor movements of the eyes, such as saccades, pursuits, convergence and accommodation

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6
Q

Visual Acuity

A

relates to the ability to see objects or the environment clearly at various distances

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7
Q

Visual Field

A

describes the extent of peripheral vision an individual has, which is typically tested in upper/lower quadrants in both the right and left visual field

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8
Q

Scanning

A

describes the ability to search for and locate desired information or objects either in written form or in the environment

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9
Q

Cerebellar lesions result in

A

ataxia and dysmetria

Suction plate and cup holder These assistive devices will help the client stabilize the plate and hold the cup during a meal.

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10
Q

ataxia

A

Many symptoms of Ataxia mimic those of being drunk, such as slurred speech, stumbling, falling, and incoordination. These symptoms are caused by damage to the cerebellum, the part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating movement.

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11
Q

dysmetria

A

lack of coordination of movement typified by the undershoot or overshoot of intended position with the hand, arm, leg, or eye. It is a type of ataxia. It can also include an inability to judge distance or scale.

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12
Q

Dyskinetic CP

A

characterized by dystonia (Involuntary muscle contractions that cause repetitive or twisting movements.) and caused by a basal ganglia lesion.

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13
Q

Dystonia

A

fluctuating tone

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14
Q

Spastic CP

A

caused by a cerebellar lesion and is characterized by spasticity and hypertonia

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15
Q

Ataxic CP

A

caused by a cerebellar lesion and is characterized by hypotonia and ataxia

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16
Q

Self-Feeding: 5-7 months

A

infant begins to eat from a spoon

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17
Q

Self-Feeding: 6-8 months

A

the infant begins to grasp the bottle

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18
Q

Self-Feeding: 9-13 months

A

the infant begins to feed himself finger foods (e.g. cheerios)

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19
Q

Self-Feeding: 12-14 months

A

infant attempts to use a spoon more IND, but often spills

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20
Q

Claw Hand

A

caused by:
ulnar nerve injury
characterized by curling of 4th and 5th fingers

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21
Q

Wrist Drop

A

radial nerve injury

inability to extend the wrist

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22
Q

Benediction sign

A

median nerve injury

decreased ability to flex 2nd and 3rd digit

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23
Q

Ape hand

A

distal median nerve

atropy of the thenar eminence muscles in the thumb and decreased ability to abduct, flex or oppose the thumb

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24
Q

Guyon’s Canal

A

ulnar nerve in the WRIST

results in sensory changes, decreased strength in the hand along the ulnar nerve pathway

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25
Carpal Tunnel
median nerve | sensory changes in the 1st to 4th digits and potentially weakness in grasp
26
Pronator teres syndrome
compression of the median nerve in the forearm betwn the head of the pronator teres sensory changes similar to those with carpal tunnel BUT with addition of Forearm pain
27
Cubital Tunnel
ulnar nerve in the ELBOW | sensory changes occur along the ulnar nerve path in the elbow and forearm (potential decrease grip)
28
Principle of universal design: Simple and intuitive use
end product being simple and uncomplicated to use and understand by those with all abilities
29
Principle of universal design: perceptible information
end product providing essential information through a variety of means to accommodate all who use it
30
Principle of universal design: tolerance for error
design being safe for all users (decreasing risk/hazards due to error)
31
Principle of universal design: equitable
end product's relevance to individuals with a variety of abilities
32
Dysphonia
difficulty in speaking due to a physical disorder of the mouth, tongue, throat, or vocal cords.
33
Dysmetria
(English: wrong length) is a lack of coordination of movement typified by the undershoot or overshoot of intended position with the hand, arm, leg, or eye. It is a type of ataxia. It can also include an inability to judge distance or scale.
34
Tardive dyskinesia
TD causes stiff, jerky movements of your face and body that you can't control. You might blink your eyes, stick out your tongue, or wave your arms without meaning to do so.
35
Tachycardia
s a rapid heart rate or a resting heart rate > 100 bpm.
36
Fugl-Meyer Motor assessment
assess the sensorimotor impairment in individuals who have had stroke.
37
Stage 1 complex regional pain syndrome
-the patient develops pain in a limb. The essential features include burning and sometimes throbbing pain, diffuse uncomfortable aching, sensitivity to touch or cold, and localized edema.
38
Akathisia
restlessness (mainly in legs)
39
Tradive dyskinesia
involuntary movements
40
Asomatagnosia
loss of recognition of own body parts
41
Anosognosia
can't perceive reality to medical condition
42
Ataxia
impaired coordination/balance
43
Plate Switch
When a person has poor motor skills or their hands cannot provide sufficient force or pressure, plate switches may be used to activate adapted toys and games, learning devices, and adapted electronic gadgets.
44
Pneumatic switch
Type of single-switch interface activated by : airflow detection or pressure exchange, used to operate assistive devices such as environmental control units
45
Phonation switch
Type of single-switch interface activated by: speech or sound, used to operate assistive devices such as computers and environmental control units
46
Contoured Seating
is beneficial for this client who is at-risk for skin breakdown and has moderate positioning and seating needs.
47
planar seats
upport only where the surface contacts the body, such as at a bony prominence
48
What progressive disease is contraindicated for mobile arm support?
Huntington Disease
49
sensorimotor approach
techniques for building a child's foundation in sensory processing and integration, self-care, fine motor development, self-regulation, social-emotional development, and play.
50
Scoliosis is a
sideways curvature of the spine that occurs most often during the growth spurt just before puberty.
51
kyphosis
curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back. "think hunch back of notre dome"
52
pelvic obliquity
misalignment of the pelvis
53
Contoured
beneficial for this client who is at-risk for skin breakdown and has moderate positioning and seating needs.
54
stereognosis
perceive the form of solid objects by touch.
55
Modified Ashworth
used to measure the increase of muscle tone 0-4 0 no tone 4 high tone
56
manual muscle test
ost commonly used form of muscle testing by practitioner ``` 0-5 0= no contraction 1= flickering contraction 2= Full ROM w/ gravity eliminated 3= Full ROM against gravity 4= Full ROM against gravity + resistance 5: Muscle functions normally ```
57
performance-based ADL assessment.
assesses performance of functional mobility skills, basic activities of daily living (ADLs), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), scoring each task on the task independence, safety, and adequacy using a four-point ordinal scale
58
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
(BDI) is a 21-item, self-report rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression
59
Mini-Mental Status Exam.
est of cognitive function among the elderly; it includes tests of orientation, attention, memory, language and visual-spatial skills. maximum MMSE score is 30 points. - A score of 20 to 24 suggests mild dementia - 13 to 20 suggests moderate dementia - less than 12 indicates severe dementia
60
Monitor oxygen saturation and vital signs
O2 level: 95% BP: 120/80 Pulse: 60-100
61
Berg Balance Scale.
assesses static balance and fall risk in adults
62
Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE).
way of measuring physical activity intensity level. Perceived exertion is how hard you feel like your body is working.
63
Normal INR level
2-3 4-.5 - 10= high risk of bleeding
64
Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE).
way of measuring physical activity intensity level. Perceived exertion is how hard you feel like your body is working. Normal RPE levels. 0-10 0 (nothing) 10 (very very heavy/difficult)
65
Wernicke’s aphasia
difficulty comprehending spoken and written words, to understand the intention of the activity during intervention sessions.
66
muscle atrophy
when muscles waste away
67
erythema
superficial reddening of the skin, usually in patches, as a result of injury or irritation causing dilatation of the blood capillaries.
68
Mechanical debridement
Mechanical debridement involves the removal of necrotic tissue using methods such as fluid irrigation and whirlpool.
69
Scaffolding
cognitive technique where the OTR structures an activity to support for components of the task that are too difficult for the client, and provides an opportunity for the client to successfully complete task components within the client's capabilities.
70
pervasive developmental delay
characterized by delays in the development of socialization and communication skills. **For a child with pervasive developmental delay who has difficulty knowing how to interact or play with toys using a social story with pictures is an effective intervention strategy.
71
measure the external entrance of a client’s home to make recommendations for the design of a ramp. What materials do you need?
Spirit level and string line & measuring tape

Prep Questions (8 decks)

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