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science space test UPDATED > definitions > Flashcards

definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

universe

A

Universe= everything that exists, including all energy, matter and space.

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2
Q

celestial object

A

Celestial object= a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists in the observable universe.

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3
Q

luminous

A

Luminous=Luminosity is the total amount of energy produced by a star per second which is measured by comparing it with the luminosity of the sun, which is assigned a luminosity of 1.

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4
Q

star

A

Star=massive collections of gases held together by their own gravity and emitting huge amounts of energy.

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5
Q

planet

A

Planet=Planets are large celestial objects that revolve around a star.

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6
Q

moon

A

Moon=The moon is a type of satellite. Earth has one satellite called the moon.

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7
Q

rotation

A

Rotation=the rotation of Planet Earth around its own axis.

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8
Q

revolution

A

Revolution=the rotation around the sun.

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9
Q

solar system

A

Solar system=the collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit around the sun, together with smaller bodies in the form of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets.

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10
Q

orbit

A

Orbit=the curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft around a star, planet, or moon, especially a periodic elliptical revolution.

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11
Q

satellite

A

Satellite=an artificial body placed in orbit around the earth or moon or another planet in order to collect information or for communication. A celestial body orbiting the earth or another planet.

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12
Q

nebula

A

Nebula=a cloud of gas and dust in outer space, visible in the night sky either as an indistinct bright patch or as a dark silhouette against other luminous matter.

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13
Q

auroras

A

Auroras=a natural electrical phenomenon characterized by the appearance of streamers of reddish or greenish light in the sky, usually near the northern or southern magnetic pole.

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14
Q

A.U. and ly

A

1 A.U. - (150 000 000 km) 1 ly - (9.46 x 1012 km)

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15
Q

inner planets

A

Inner planets

  • Mars, Venus, Mercury & Earth
  • known as terrestrial planets, as they have a solid rocky core.
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16
Q

outer planet

A

Outer planets

  • Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus & Neptune
  • known as gas giants, as they are composed mainly of gases and liquids.
17
Q

asteroid belt

A

Asteroid belt=The asteroid belt is a region of space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter where most of the asteroids in our Solar System are found orbiting the Sun.

18
Q

meteor

A

Meteor= in atmosphere

19
Q

meteoroid

A

Meteoroid= in space

20
Q

meteorite

A

Meteorite= hitting the earth

21
Q

asteroid

A

Asteroid=Asteroids are composed of rock and metal. Although they orbit the sun, they are too small to be considered planets. Most asteroids lie in the asteroid belt, between Mars and Jupiter.

22
Q

comet

A

Comet=Large chunks of ice, dust and rock that orbit the sun and range in size from less than 100 m to 40 km across.

23
Q

waxing vs waning

A

Waxing vs. Waning= Increase in size - WAXING Decrease in size - WANING

24
Q

gibbous and crescent

A

Gibbous vs. Crescent= Gibbous - more than ½ Crescent - less than ½

25
Q

solstice

A

Solstice vs. Equinox= Solstice - June 21(longest day of the year) and December 21 (shortest day of the year)

26
Q

equinox

A

Equinox - When the amount of daylight = the amount of darkness in a day March 21 (Vernal) & September 21 (autumnal)

27
Q

galaxy

A

Galaxy= collections of millions to hundreds of billions of stars, planets gas and dust, measuring up to 100 000 light years across.

28
Q

elliptical galaxies

A 
Elliptical Galaxies
Spherical or flattened oval
Older galaxies
Very little gas,dust or young stars
Half of all galaxies we see
29
Q

spiral & barred spiral galaxies

A 
spiral & barred spiral
↳regular
Flattened disk
Central bulge
2-4 spiral arms
↳barred 
Central bulge w spiral arms that trail from the ends of the bars
30
Q

lenticular galaxies

A

lenticular (sombrero)

Central bulge no spiral arms

31
Q

irregular galaxies

A

Irregular
no definite shape, no arms, no central nucleus
10% of all galaxies

32
Q

black holes

A

Black holes= A region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape.
Caused by :
Black holes of stellar mass are expected to form when very massive stars collapse at the end of their life cycle.
Stars running out of fuel, they cool down and collapse.
The gravitational collapse of stars.

33
Q

event horizon

A

Event horizon= The point of no return oOOoooOOoo.
The path of which objects can be eaten by a black hole.
The shell that is the cosmo point of no return.

science space test UPDATED (9 decks)

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