Definitions Flashcards
Agraphia
Inability to communicate through writing
Gray Matter
Unmyelinated neurons, contains capillaries, glial cells, cell bodies, and dendrites
White Matter
Myelinated axons, contains nerve fibers withouth dendrites
Alexia
Inability to understand written/printed language
Agnosia
Inability to recognize objects, faces, voices, places
Inability to interpret sensations
Apraxia
Inability to perform particular purposeful movements/actions
Anosognosia
“lack of insight”
Inability/refusal to recognize a defect or disorder that is clinically evident
Broca’s Aphasia
Inability to speak fluently, comprehension perserved
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Poor comprehension, speak fluent gibberish
Homonymous hemianopsia
loss of half of the feild of view on the same side of both eyes
Declarative Memory
Memory of facts/events
Thalamic Pain sYndrome
Spontanteous pain on the contralateral side of the body to the thalamic lesion
Brudzinski sign
flexion of neck facilitate flexion of the hips and knees
Kernig’s sign
pain with hip flexion combined with knee extension
Brown Sequard Syndrome
- Ipsilateral paralysis and loss of vibratory/position sense [damage to corticospinal tract, dorsal column]
- Contralateral pain/temp loss [damage to lateral spinothalamic]
Endoneurium
Innermost covering of a peripheral nerve that surrounds each individual axon
Epineurium
the outermost covering of a peripheral nerve that surrounds the entire nerve and provides a buffer for the peripheral nerve
Perineurium
The middle layer of covering surrounding the peripheral nerve that envelopes fascicles or groups of axons and maintains the blood nerve barrier
A Fibers (4)
- Large fibers
- Myelinated
- High conduction rate
- Types: Alpha, beta, gamma, delta
Alpha Fibers (4)
- Alpha motor neurons
- Muscle spindle primary endings
- Golgi tendon organs
- Touch
Beta Fibers (3)
- Touch
- Kinesthesia
- Muscle spindle secondary ending
Gamma Fibers (3)
- Touch
- Pressure
- Gamma motor neurons
Delta Fiber (4)
- Pain
- Touch
- Pressure,
- Temperature
Muscle Spindle (2)
- Primary = low threshold stretch
- Secondary = change in length
Golgi Tendon Organ
Responds to tension/stretch of a tendon