Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Eye > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Hypermetropia

A

Hypermetropia or long sightedness is the refractive state of the eye wherein parallel rays of light coming from infinity are focused behind the retina with accommodation at rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Aphakia

A

Absence of crystalline lens from the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pseudophakia

A

The condition of aphakia when corrected with an IOL implant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Myopia

A

Myopia or shortsightedness is a type of refractive error in which parallel rays of light coming from infinity are focused in front of the retina with accommodation at rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Astigmatism

A

Astigmatism is a type of refractive error wherein the refraction varies in different meridia of the eye. Consequently, the rays of light entering the eye cannot converge to a point focus but form focal lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sturm’s conoid

A

The configuration of rays refracted through a toric surface is called the Sturm’s conoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Infective conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by microorganism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acute bacterial conjunctivitis

A

ABC is characterized by marked conjunctival hyperaemia and mucopurulent discharge from the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Trachoma

A

Trachoma is a chronic keratoconjunctivitis, primarily affecting the superficial epithelium of conjunctiva and cornea simultaneously.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC)

A

It is a type of acute follicular conjunctivitis mostly associated with superficial punctuate keratitis and usually occurs in epidemics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ophthalmia neonatrum

A

It is the bilateral inflammation of the conjunctiva occurring in an infant, less than 30 days old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Veneral keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) or spring catarrh

A

VKC is a recurrent, bilateral, interstitial, self-limiting allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva having a periodic seasonal incidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Atopic keratoconjunctivitis

A

It can be thought as an adult equivalent of VKC associated with atopic dermatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC)

A

GPC is the inflammation of conjunctiva with the formation of very large sized papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis

A

PKC is a characteristic nodular affection occurring as an allergic response of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium to some endogenous allergens to which can they have become sensitized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pinguecula

A

Pinguecula is a degenerative condition of the conjunctiva. It is characterized by the formation of a yellowish white patch on the bulbar conjunctiva near the limbus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pterygium

A

Pterygium is a wing-shaped fold of conjunctiva encroaching upon the cornea from either side within the interpalpebral fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Inflammation of cornea

A

Keratitis is characterized by corneal oedema, cellular infiltration and ciliary congestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ulcerative keratitis

A

Corneal ulcer maybe defined as discontinuation in normal epithelial surface of the cornea associated with necrosis of the surrounding corneal tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Keratoconus

A

It is a non- inflammatory bilateral ectatic condition of cornea in its axial part. It usually starts at puberty and progresses slowly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Keratoglobus

A

It is familial and hereditary bilateral congenital disorder characterized by thinning and hemispherical protrusion of the entire cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Corneal opacity

A

Loss of transparency of cornea due to scarring

23
Q

Cataract

A

Development of any opacity in the lens or its capsule

24
Q

Glaucoma

A

Glaucoma is defined as chronic progressive optic neuropathy characterized by increased IOP, visual field changes and optic disc changes which ultimately causes death of the retinal cells

25
Q

Primary open angle glaucoma

A 
POAG is a chronic simple glaucoma of adult onset typically characterized by:
Slowly progressive raised IOP
Open normal appearing AC angle
Characteristic optic disc cupping
Specific visual field defects
26
Q

Ocular hypertension

A

Ocular hypertension is labelled when a patient has an IOP constantly more than 21 mmHg but no optic disc and visual changes

27
Q

Primary angle closure disease

A

PACD is characterized by apposition of the iris against the trabecular meshwork resulting in obstruction of aq outflow by closure of an already narrow angle of the AC

28
Q

Retinitis pigmentosa

A

It is hereditary disorder predominantly affecting the rods more than cones

29
Q

Cystoid macular oedema

A

It refers to collection of fluid in the outer plexiform and inner nuclear layer of the retina, centered around the foveola

30
Q

Retinal detachment

A

It is the separation of neurosensory retina proper from the pigment epithelium

31
Q

Rhegmatogenous or primary retinal detachment

A

It is usually associated with a retinal break through which us retinal fluid seeps and separates the sensory retina from the pigmentary epithelium

32
Q

Exudative or solid retinal detachment

A

It occurs due to the retina being pushed away by a neoplasm or accumulation of fluid beneath the retina following inflammatory or vascular lesions

33
Q

Retinoblastoma

A

It is a common malignant tumor arising from the neurosensory retina in one or both eyes

34
Q

Enucleation

A

Excision of the eyeball

35
Q

Optic neuritis

A

Optic neuritis includes inflammatory and demyelinating disorders of the optic nerve

36
Q

Papilloedema

A

Passive disc swelling with increased IOP which is almost always bilateral although it may be asymmetrical

37
Q

Amblyopia

A

It implies the partial loss of sight in one or both eyes, in the absence of ophthalmoscopic or other marked objective signs

38
Q

Strabismus

A

A misalignment of the visual axes of the two eyes is called squint or strabismus

39
Q

Stye

A

It is an acute suppurative inflammation of lash follicle and its associated glands of Zeis or Moll

40
Q

Chalazion

A

It is a chronic non-infective lipogranulomatous inflammation of the meibomian gland

41
Q

Internal hordeolum

A

It is a suppurative inflammation of the meibomian gland associated with blockage of the duct

42
Q

Trichiasis

A

Inward misdirection of cilia with normal position of the lid margin

43
Q

Entropion

A

Inward rolling and rotation of the lid margin toward globe

44
Q

Ectropion

A

Out rolling or outward turning of the lid margin

45
Q

Symblepharon

A

Lids become adherent to the eyeball as a result of adhesions between the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva

46
Q

Ankyloblepharon

A

Adhesions between margins of the upper and lower lids

47
Q

Ptosis

A

Abnormal dropping of the upper eyelid

48
Q

Dacryocystitis

A

Inflammation of the lacrimal sac

49
Q

Acute dacryocystitis

A

It is an acute suppurative inflammation of the lacrimal sac, characterized by presence of a painful swelling in the region of sac

50
Q

Proptosis

A

Forward displacement of the eyeball beyond the orbital margins

51
Q

Orbital cellulitis

A

An acute infection of the soft tissues of the orbit behind the orbital septum

52
Q

Episcleritis

A

Benign recurrent inflammation of the episclera, involving the overlying Tenon’s capsule but not the underlying sclera

53
Q

Scleritis

A

Inflammation of the sclera proper

54
Q

Staphylomas

A

Localized bulging of weak and thin outer tunic of the eyeball lined by uveal tissue which shines through the thinned out fibrous coat

Eye (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions