Definitions Flashcards
Social determinants of Heath
Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health such as poverty, early life experiences, social networks and support
Incidence
Number of new cases of a disease or infection during a given period
Mortality
Number of deaths in a population
Death rate
Morbidity
Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group
Prevalence
The number or proportion of new cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time
Under 5 mortality rate
The number of deaths of children under the age of 5 per 1000 live births
HALE
Health adjusted life expectancy
A measur of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years that a person can expect to live based on current rates of ill health and mortality
Life expectancy
An indication of how long a person can expect to live; it is the number of years of life remaining to a person of a particular age if death rates do not change
Physical dimensions of health
Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems and included the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness
Burden of disease
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries. Specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal world where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Measured in a unit called DALY
DALY
Disability Adjusted life years
A measure of burden of disease; one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury
Social dimensions of health
Being able to interact with others, participate in the community in both and independent and productive way
YLL
A measurement of the loss of years of life due to premature death
Life expectancy
YLD
A measurement of the loss of healthy years as a result of disability or non-fatal health conditions
Health status
An individual or populations overall health taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors
Mental dimensions of health
A state of well being in which the individual realises his or her own abilities can cope with the normal stresses of life can work productively and fruitfully amid is able to make a contribution to his or her own community
Behavioural determinants of health
Actions or patterns of living of an individual or group that impact on health such as smoking, sexual activity, participation in physical activity and eating practices
Biological determinants of health
Factors relating to the body that impact on health such as genetics, hormones, body weight, blood pressure, cholesterol levels and birth weight.
Social Determinants– Environmental Factors
All external factors that influence the growth, development and health of individuals or groups
Phsyical
Social
Social Determinants– Environmental Factors– Physical Environment
Natural resources, physical surroundings and ecological conditions in which individuals and families live.
-type of housing, climate, air quality, natural disasters
Social Determinants– Environmental Factors– Social Environment
Social, Cultural, economic and political world in which an individual lives
–background, beliefes, socio-economic status, education
List social determinants of health
Food
Unemployment
Socio-Economic Status
Stress
Work Addiciton Social Exclusion Transport Early Life Experiences Social Support
Different Biological Deterinants
Genetic– Predispostion to certain diseases
Hormonal Factors– Testosterone/Oestrogen
Biomedical Factors – Physical/Biological apsects of disease (body temp, cholesterol)
NHPA
National Health Priority Areas
A collaborative initiative endorsed by the Commonwealth and all State and Territory governments. The NHPA initiative seeks to focus on the health sector’s attention on dieases or conditions that have a major impact on the health of Australians. The NHPA’s represent the disease groups with the largest burden of disease and potential costs (direct, indirect and intangible) to the Australian community
